ARIA
Also known as: Accessible Rich Internet Applications, WAI-ARIA
A W3C specification that provides a framework of roles, states, and properties to make dynamic web content and custom user interface controls accessible to assistive technologies. ARIA supplements HTML semantics where native elements are insufficient. The first rule of ARIA is: if you can use a native HTML element with the semantics and behaviour you require, do so.
Related: WCAG · screen reader · role · semantic HTML