Orientation and mobility

A professional discipline and set of skills that enable people with visual impairments to travel safely and independently through their environment. Orientation refers to understanding one's position relative to the surrounding environment using sensory cues, landmarks, and spatial reasoning; mobility refers to the physical act of moving through space. O&M training teaches techniques such as white cane use, environmental scanning, street crossing, and public transit navigation. Increasingly, technology supplements traditional O&M skills through GPS navigation, spatial audio, and AI-powered scene description.