Ability-based design

An accessibility framework that shifts the design focus from disability (what users cannot do) to ability (what users can do), arguing that interactive systems should adapt to users' actual capabilities rather than requiring users to conform to standard interfaces. Proposed by Jacob Wobbrock and colleagues, ability-based design advocates for systems that sense users' motor, sensory, and cognitive abilities in real time and dynamically adjust interface parameters (target sizes, input modalities, timing) to match. The approach moves beyond one-size-fits-all accessible design toward personalised, responsive interfaces.