Working Memory

The cognitive system responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information needed for complex tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. Working memory is a core executive function that is frequently impaired in ADHD, leading to difficulties with following multi-step instructions, remembering deadlines, maintaining focus on tasks, and organizing information. Impaired working memory in ADHD students contributes to challenges with academic performance and is a key reason why community-based reminder systems and collaborative accountability strategies are valuable—they externalize memory demands to social networks and technology.