DOM Manipulation

The programmatic modification of a webpage's Document Object Model (DOM) to change its structure, content, styling, or behavior. In accessibility contexts, DOM manipulation is used by browser extensions, accessibility overlays, and assistive tools to enhance web pages — for example, adding ARIA attributes, hiding irrelevant elements with aria-hidden, adjusting opacity, or injecting accessibility annotations. Effective DOM manipulation for accessibility must balance making improvements with preserving the page structure that users rely on for navigation.