Brain-Machine Interface

A technology that translates brain activity—typically measured via electroencephalography (EEG), electrocorticography, or implanted electrodes—into commands for controlling external devices such as computers, robotic limbs, wheelchairs, or communication systems. For people with severe motor impairments including ALS, spinal cord injuries, and locked-in syndrome, BMIs offer a pathway to interaction and expression when other input methods are no longer feasible. Current challenges include limited accuracy, long training periods, restricted selection speeds, and the need for calibration, though advances in signal processing and machine learning continue to improve performance.