Speech Synthesis

The artificial production of human speech by computer, most commonly used in text-to-speech (TTS) systems that convert written text into spoken audio. Speech synthesis is foundational to screen readers and other assistive technologies used by people with visual impairments and reading disabilities. Modern synthesis approaches range from concatenative methods (splicing recorded speech segments) to neural network-based systems that produce increasingly natural-sounding output. The quality and expressiveness of synthesized speech directly affects usability, comprehension, and user satisfaction with assistive technologies.