Multi-Objective Optimization

A computational approach to finding solutions that simultaneously satisfy multiple, potentially conflicting goals. Unlike single-objective optimization which seeks one best answer, multi-objective optimization produces a set of trade-off solutions where improving one objective necessarily worsens another. In accessibility, this technique has been applied to web page adaptation for people with low vision, where user preferences (e.g., high contrast between text and background) may conflict with designer preferences (e.g., keeping colors close to the originals). Evolutionary algorithms like NSGA-II and NSGA-III are commonly used to search the large solution space efficiently. The approach enables automated personalization that balances accessibility requirements with design aesthetics.