Refractive Error

Refractive error is a common vision condition in which the shape of the eye prevents light from focusing correctly on the retina, resulting in blurred vision. Types include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism (irregular corneal curvature), and presbyopia (age-related loss of near focus). While typically correctable with glasses, contact lenses, or surgery, severe or complex refractive errors may not be fully correctable, leading to functional visual impairment that affects computer use and daily activities. In digital accessibility, refractive error is relevant to display design, font sizing, and image enhancement techniques.