NavTap

A navigational text-entry method designed for blind mobile phone users that reduces the cognitive load associated with inputting text without visual feedback. NavTap organizes the alphabet into five rows beginning with vowels and allows users to navigate between letters using directional keys while receiving continuous audio feedback. Unlike traditional MultiTap, every navigation action in NavTap is reversible and requires explicit confirmation before a letter is accepted, preventing errors and reducing frustration. Research has shown NavTap enables blind users who were previously unable to input text to successfully send SMS messages and manage contacts.