JSML

An XML-based markup language developed by Sun Microsystems that provides directives for controlling the output of speech synthesis engines. JSML allows developers to specify pronunciation details including speaking rate, volume, pitch, emphasis, pauses, gender of synthetic voice, and phonetic pronunciation of specific words. In accessibility applications, JSML directives can be embedded in text-to-speech output to improve the naturalness and intelligibility of aurally rendered content, such as adding pauses between table rows or changing emphasis for column headers to help blind users parse the structure of spoken information.