Self-localization

The process by which a system or device determines its own position within an environment, typically using a combination of sensors, maps, and reference points. In assistive technology for blind and visually impaired users, self-localization is a critical component of indoor navigation systems, enabling the device to determine which room the user is in and where they are within that room. Common self-localization techniques include WiFi signal fingerprinting, Bluetooth beacon triangulation, image-based comparison against 3D building models, and inertial measurement. Accurate self-localization enables the system to provide context-aware information about nearby objects, obstacles, and points of interest relative to the user's current position.