Osteoarthritis

The most common form of arthritis, caused by progressive breakdown of the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones. Osteoarthritis produces joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion, most often in the hands, knees, hips, and spine. For digital accessibility, OA in the hands, shoulders, or cervical spine can limit typing endurance, mouse use, pinch-and-drag gestures, holding mobile devices, and sustained head posture at a monitor. Relevant accommodations include larger click targets, sticky/hover alternatives to drag, voice input, ergonomic hardware, and session-length flexibility for users whose pain fluctuates.