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• Global Considerations in Creating an Organizational Web Accessibility Policy

  David Sloan, Sarah Horton · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from The Paciello Group examines the legislative and policy landscape for web accessibility across five countries — Australia, Brazil, China, India, and South Africa — to help multinational organisations develop global accessibility policies. The authors review…

  accessibility policy · accessibility law · global accessibility · WCAG compliance · organizational accessibility

• HEUA: A Heuristic Evaluation with Usability and Accessibility Requirements to Assess Web Systems

  Ana Luiza Dias, Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes, Paulo Cesar Masiero · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from the University of Sao Paulo presents HEUA (Heuristic Evaluation with Usability and Accessibility), a questionnaire-based instrument that integrates usability and accessibility assessment into a single evaluation framework for web systems. The authors argue that…

  accessibility testing · usability testing · heuristic evaluation · evaluation methods · web accessibility

• Predictive, Accessible Web Automation: A Longitudinal Study

  Yury Puzis, Yevgen Borodin, I.V. Ramakrishnan · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents a six-week longitudinal pilot study of Automation Assistant, a predictive web automation system designed to improve non-visual web browsing for blind users. The core problem is that screen readers force users to navigate web pages sequentially — a…

  screen readers · web automation · blindness · non-visual web access · adaptive interfaces

• Widget Design Authoring Toolkit

  Elaine Pearson, Franck-Olivier Perrin · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents WIDGaT (Widget Design and Authoring Toolkit), an open-source, code-free online tool that enables non-technical teaching and support staff to create personalised widgets for disabled students in higher education. The project, developed at Teesside University's…

  education accessibility · personalization · authoring tools · learning disabilities · assistive technology

• Investigating the Appropriateness and Relevance of Mobile Web Accessibility Guidelines

  Raphael Clegg-Vinell, Christopher Bailey, Voula Gkatzidou · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from AbilityNet and Brunel University examines whether real accessibility issues found during mobile user testing can be effectively mapped to existing guidelines — specifically WCAG 2.0 and the W3C Mobile Web Best Practices (MWBP) 1.0. Five lab-based mobile testing…

  mobile accessibility · WCAG compliance · accessibility testing · usability testing · accessibility standards

• Accessing Peer Social Interaction: Using Authorable Virtual Peer Technology as a Component of a Group Social Skills Intervention Program

  Andrea Tartaro, Justine Cassell, Courtney Ratz, Jennifer Lira, Valeria Nanclares-Nogués · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper evaluates the Authorable Virtual Peer (AVP), a life-sized animated character technology designed to support social skills development in children with autism spectrum disorders. The AVP differs from other virtual agent approaches by offering three modes of…

  autism · social skills · virtual peer · social communication · assistive technology

• Automatic Task Assistance for People with Cognitive Disabilities in Brushing Teeth - A User Study with the TEBRA System

  Christian Peters, Thomas Hermann, Sven Wachsmuth, Jesse Hoey · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper presents TEBRA (TEeth BRushing Assistance), an Assistive Technology for Cognition (ATC) system that supports people with moderate cognitive disabilities in brushing their teeth independently. The research addresses a fundamental challenge: people with cognitive…

  cognitive disability · assistive technology · activities of daily living · dementia · intellectual disability

• Accessibility Evaluation of Classroom Captions

  Raja S. Kushalnagar, Walter S. Lasecki, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of real-time captioning approaches for classroom lectures, comparing Communication Access Realtime Translation (CART), Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), and a novel collaborative captioning system called Legion:Scribe. The authors…

  real-time captioning · deaf and hard of hearing · classroom accessibility · crowdsourcing · eye tracking

• Haptic 3D Surface Representation of Table-Based Data for People With Visual Impairments

  Jonas Braier, Katharina Lattenkamp, Benjamin Räthel, Sandra Schering, Michael Wojatzki, Benjamin Weyers · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper introduces "relief charts"—3D surface representations of standard data visualizations (bar graphs, pie charts, scatter plots, radar charts) designed to make complex tabular data accessible to people with visual impairments. The approach is grounded in neuroscientific…

  visual impairment · haptic interfaces · data visualization · inclusive education · 3D printing

• Technology for Supporting Care Staff in Residential Homes

  Gemma Webster, Vicki L. Hanson · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper addresses a neglected population in accessibility research: care staff who provide day-to-day support to residents in care homes, particularly those with dementia. While technology has been developed to support healthcare administrators, medical staff, and people with…

  dementia · residential care · care staff · person-centered care · digital biography

• Identifying Sign Language Videos in Video Sharing Sites

  Frank M. Shipman, Ricardo Gutierrez-Osuna, Caio D. D. Monteiro · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper addresses the challenge of finding sign language videos within general video sharing platforms like YouTube. While these platforms contain growing libraries of sign language content created by deaf community members, locating this content is difficult because…

  sign language · ASL · video classification · machine learning · computer vision

• Text Entry by Raising the Eyebrow with HaMCoS

  Torsten Felzer, Stephan Rinderknecht · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This demo paper presents HaMCoS (HAnds-free Mouse COntrol System), a system that enables text entry for people with very severe physical disabilities using tiny contractions of the brow muscle. The system targets users in a "locked-in" state, where communication with the outside…

  assistive technology · text entry · switch access · motor impairments · mouse emulation

• Accessibility in Context: Understanding the Truly Mobile Experience of Smartphone Users with Motor Impairments

  Maia Naftali, Leah Findlater · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper moves beyond lab-based studies to investigate how people with motor impairments actually use smartphones in their daily lives, particularly outside the home. The research combines two studies: an online survey of 16 smartphone users with motor impairments (conditions…

  motor impairments · mobile accessibility · smartphones · touchscreen · situational impairments

• Buildings and Users with Visual Impairment: Uncovering Factors for Accessibility Using BIT-Kit

  Lesley J. McIntyre, Vicki L. Hanson · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper introduces BIT-Kit (Building Interactions Tool-kit), a mixed-method framework for gathering evidence about how buildings impact the accessibility of users with visual impairments. The framework combines three methods: semi-structured interviews about past building…

  visual impairment · wayfinding · built environment · architecture · accessibility evaluation

• VisAural: A Wearable Sound-Localisation Device for People with Impaired Hearing

  Benjamin M. Gorman · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper presents VisAural, a wearable device that converts sound direction information into visual cues for people with hearing impairments. The system addresses a gap left by conventional hearing aids, which help with general sound detection but do not preserve spatial…

  hearing impairments · wearable technology · sound localisation · sensory substitution · assistive technology

• Tactile Graphics with a Voice: Using QR Codes to Access Text in Tactile Graphics

  Catherine M. Baker, Lauren R. Milne, Jeffrey Scofield, Cynthia L. Bennett, Richard E. Ladner · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper presents Tactile Graphics with a Voice (TGV), a system that makes text labels in tactile graphics accessible by replacing Braille labels with QR codes that can be scanned and read aloud using a smartphone. The motivation is significant: while tactile graphics are…

  visual impairment · blindness · tactile graphics · QR codes · Braille

• Design and Evaluation of a Networked Game to Support Social Connection of Youth with Cerebral Palsy

  Hamilton A. Hernandez, Mallory Ketcheson, Adrian Schneider, Zi Ye, Darcy Fehlings, Lauren Switzer, Virginia Wright, Shelly K. Bursick, Chad Richards, T.C. Nicholas Graham · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper presents Liberi, a networked video game custom-designed to foster social interaction among youth with cerebral palsy (CP). Youth with CP—particularly those classified at GMFCS level III who require mobility aids—experience social isolation due to mobility limitations…

  cerebral palsy · game accessibility · social interaction · motor impairments · inclusive design

• AVD-LV: An Accessible Player for Captioned STEM Videos

  Raja S. Kushalnagar, John J. Rivera, Warrance Yu, Daniel S. Steed · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This demo paper presents AVD-LV (Accessible View Device interface for Low Vision), a Chrome browser extension that enhances YouTube lecture video accessibility for deaf and low vision (DLV) viewers. The core problem is that captioned videos require DLV viewers to process two…

  deaf · low vision · captions · video accessibility · STEM education

• Motor-Impaired Touchscreen Interactions in the Wild

  Kyle Montague, Hugo Nicolau, Vicki L. Hanson · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper examines how touchscreen interaction performance varies over time for people with motor impairments, moving beyond snapshot lab studies to a four-week in-the-wild evaluation. Nine participants with conditions including Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, spinal…

  motor impairments · touchscreen · mobile accessibility · gesture recognition · Parkinson's disease

• Headlock: A Wearable Navigation Aid that Helps Blind Cane Users Traverse Large Open Spaces

  Alexander Fiannaca, Ilias Apostolopoulous, Eelke Folmer · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper presents HEADLOCK, a navigation aid for optical head-mounted displays (OHMDs) like Google Glass that helps blind cane users traverse large open spaces—environments that are particularly challenging because they lack the tactile features (walls, corridors, floor…

  visual impairment · blindness · navigation · wayfinding · wearable technology

• Text Entry via Discrete and Analog Myoelectric Signals

  Adam J. Sporka, Antonín Posusta, Ondrej Poláček, Tomáš Flek, Jakub Otáhal · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This demo paper presents a prototype system for text entry using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals detected from muscles in the user's forearm. The system is intended for people with upper extremity disabilities who retain the ability to control their forearm muscles.…

  assistive technology · text entry · electromyography · biosignals · motor impairments

• Usability Issues with 3D User Interfaces for Adolescents with High Functioning Autism

  Chao Mei, Lee Mason, John Quarles · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper investigates how adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) perform basic 3D user interface tasks compared to typically developed (TD) peers. While VR and 3D interfaces are increasingly used in ASD therapy (e.g., driving simulation, social skills…

  autism spectrum disorder · virtual reality · 3D user interfaces · spatial cognition · hand-eye coordination

• Automatically Identifying Trouble-Indicating Speech Behaviors in Alzheimer's Disease

  Frank Rudzicz, Leila Chan Currie, Andrew Danks, Tejas Mehta, Shunan Zhao · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper addresses the challenge of automatically detecting communication breakdowns in conversations with people who have Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that deteriorates memory, executive capacity, visual-spatial reasoning, and…

  Alzheimer's disease · dementia · speech recognition · natural language processing · machine learning

• Strategies: An Inclusive Authentication Framework

  Natã M. Barbosa · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This short paper proposes an interaction workflow for accessible web authentication designed to reduce the difficulties people with disabilities face when logging into websites. The framework aims to be secure, scalable, deployable, privacy-preserving, and usable for…

  authentication · web accessibility · privacy · security · inclusive design

• Tablet-Based Activity Schedule for Children with Autism in Mainstream Environment

  Charles Fage, Léonard Pommereau, Charles Consel, Émilie Balland, Hélène Sauzéon · 2014 · ASSETS '14: Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper presents Classroom Schedule+ (CS+), a tablet-based activity schedule application designed to support the inclusion of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in mainstream classrooms. Unlike previous activity schedule technologies designed for special education…

  autism spectrum disorder · education · inclusive education · activity schedules · tablet