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• Meeting Participants with Intellectual Disabilities during COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Improvisation

  Leandro Soares Guedes, Monica Landoni · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '21)

  This short paper (poster) shares lessons learned from conducting participatory design research with adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the context of a project aimed at making museum visits more accessible, rewarding, and memorable…

  intellectual disability · co-design · COVID-19 · museum accessibility · participatory design

• Lost in Translation: Challenges and Barriers to Sign Language-Accessible User Research

  Amelie Unger, Dieter P. Wallach, Nicole Jochems · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '21)

  This experience report describes the challenges hearing researchers face when conducting user research with sign language (SL) users, based on the authors' experience running remote focus groups with German Sign Language (GSL) users as part of the AVASAG project — which is…

  deaf and hard of hearing · sign language · user research · focus groups · language accessibility

• Nearmi: A Framework for Designing Point of Interest Techniques for VR Users with Limited Mobility

  Rachel Franz, Samantha Hornback, Diva Jayasinghe, Jolie Auricchio, John Porter III, John Googleddy, Kristen Shinohara · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Virtual reality presents significant accessibility barriers for people with limited mobility, yet relatively little research has addressed how to make VR navigation and exploration usable for this population. Franz et al. introduce Nearmi, a design framework specifically…

  virtual reality · VR accessibility · limited mobility · motor impairments · point of interest

• Accessing Passersby Proxemic Signals through a Head-Worn Camera: Opportunities and Limitations for the Blind

  Kyungjun Lee, Daisuke Sato, Saki Asakawa, Chieko Asakawa, Hernisa Kacorri · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '21)

  This paper explores the potential and limitations of using head-worn cameras with computer vision to help blind people access proxemic signals — the spatial behaviour of nearby people that sighted individuals perceive visually, such as someone's presence, distance, relative…

  blind and low vision · proxemics · wearable camera · smart glasses · pedestrian detection

• Understanding Screen-Reader Users' Experiences with Online Data Visualizations

  Ather Sharif, Sanjana Shivani Chintalapati, Jacob O. Wobbrock, Katharina Reinecke · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Data visualizations are ubiquitous on the web, communicating everything from health statistics to financial trends, yet their inherently visual nature creates profound barriers for the approximately 7.6 million screen-reader users in the United States. Sharif et al. conducted…

  screen readers · data visualization · web accessibility · blind users · low vision

• Auditory feedback to compensate audible instructions to support people with visual impairment

  Gabriele Galimberti · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This doctoral consortium extended abstract addresses a practical challenge faced by people with visual impairments who rely on auditory feedback from mobile devices: background noise in real-world mobility contexts can mask device audio output, degrading the information it…

  visual impairment · auditory feedback · sonification · mobile accessibility · navigation

• Going Beyond One-Size-Fits-All Image Descriptions to Satisfy the Information Wants of People Who are Blind or Have Low Vision

  Abigale Stangl, Nitin Verma, Kenneth R. Fleischmann, Meredith Ringel Morris, Danna Gurari · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Current image description practices typically produce a single, one-size-fits-all description for each image, yet the same image can appear across vastly different contexts — news websites, e-commerce platforms, social media feeds, travel sites, and personal photo libraries —…

  image description · alternative text · blind · low vision · context-aware

• American Sign Language Video Anonymization to Support Online Participation of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Users

  Sooyeon Lee, Abraham Glasser, Becca Dingman, Zhaoyang Xia, Dimitris Metaxas, Carol Neidle, Matt Huenerfauth · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) individuals who prefer to communicate in American Sign Language (ASL) face a unique privacy barrier online: because ASL is a visual language conveyed through movements of the face, head, hands, and torso, and because the face carries essential…

  deaf and hard of hearing · sign language · American Sign Language · anonymization · privacy

• How Online Tests Contribute to the Support System for People With Cognitive and Mental Disabilities

  Qisheng Li, Josephine Lee, Christina Zhang, Katharina Reinecke · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Approximately one in three people worldwide experience a cognitive or mental disability at some point in their lives, yet significant barriers — cost, lack of insurance, transportation, stigma, family resistance, and not knowing where to seek help — prevent many from obtaining…

  cognitive disability · mental health · online tests · self-diagnosis · disability identity

• Accept or Address? Researchers' Perspectives on Response Bias in Accessibility Research

  Joy Ming, Sharon Heung, Shiri Azenkot, Aditya Vashistha · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Response bias — the tendency for participant responses to be skewed by factors beyond the actual research questions — is a concern in all human-subjects research, but it takes on unique dimensions in accessibility research. Ming et al. conducted semi-structured interviews with…

  research methodology · response bias · participant-researcher dynamics · disability identity · accessibility research

• Beyond Adaptive Sports: Challenges & Opportunities to Improve Accessibility and Analytics

  Rushil Khurana, Ashley Wang, Patrick Carrington · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  While sports data analytics has become a multi-billion dollar industry transforming training, strategy, and refereeing in able-bodied sports, adaptive sports have been largely left behind by this technological revolution. Khurana et al. interviewed 18 participants across six…

  adaptive sports · Paralympic · wheelchair sports · blind sports · sports analytics

• VStroll: An Audio-based Virtual Exploration to Encourage Walking among People with Vision Impairments

  Gesu India, Mohit Jain, Pallav Karya, Nirmalendu Diwakar, Manohar Swaminathan · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  People with visual impairments (PVIs) engage in significantly less physical exercise than sighted adults, with 1.5 times higher odds of obesity. Barriers include inaccessible infrastructure, parental discouragement due to safety concerns, lack of walking partners, and the…

  visual impairment · blindness · physical activity · walking · spatial audio

• The Efficacy of Collaborative Authoring of Video Scene Descriptions

  Rosiana Natalie, Jolene Loh, Huei Suen Tan, Joshua Tseng, Ian Luke Yi-Ren Chan, Ebrima H Jarjue, Hernisa Kacorri, Kotaro Hara · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  The vast majority of online video content remains inaccessible to people with visual impairments because it lacks audio descriptions — verbal commentaries that depict visual information in scenes. Professional audio description services cost US$12 to US$75 per video minute and…

  audio description · video accessibility · visual impairment · crowdsourcing · collaborative authoring

• VIDDE: Visualizations for Helping People with COPD Interpret Dyspnea During Exercise

  Claudia Chen, Robert Wu, Hashim Khan, Khai Truong, Fanny Chevalier · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affects approximately 10% of the adult population and is a leading cause of physical disability worldwide. People with COPD experience dyspnea (breathing discomfort) during physical exertion, which often triggers dyspnea-related…

  COPD · chronic illness · dyspnea · biofeedback · physiological data

• Understanding Disability Services Toward Improving Graduate Student Support

  Murtaza Tamjeed, Vinita Tibdewal, Madison Russell, Michael McQuaid, Tae Oh, Kristen Shinohara · 2021 · ASSETS '21: The 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  While approximately 19.5% of U.S. undergraduate students have disabilities, only about 7% of graduate students self-identify as disabled, and just 5.5% of computing doctorate recipients report disabilities. This steep drop-off suggests systemic barriers in transitioning from…

  higher education · disability services · graduate students · ableism · accommodations

• Understanding Barriers and Design Opportunities to Improve Healthcare and QOL for Older Adults through Voice Assistants

  Chen Chen, Janet G. Johnson, Kemeberly Charles, Alice Lee, Ella T. Lifset, Michael Hogarth, Alison A. Moore, Emilia Farcas, Nadir Weibel · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper investigates the barriers older adults face when managing their healthcare and daily routines, and explores how voice-based Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) might address those challenges. The researchers employed a user-centered design approach, conducting…

  voice assistants · older adults · healthcare · intelligent virtual assistants · gerontechnology

• Deinstitutionalizing Independence: Discourses of Disability and Housing in Accessible Computing

  Kevin M. Storer, Stacy M. Branham · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine how the history of institutionalization and deinstitutionalization in the United States shapes contemporary Accessible Computing (AC) research focused on domestic spaces. The authors analyzed 101 peer-reviewed AC…

  disability studies · critical discourse analysis · institutionalization · independent living · housing

• Understanding Screen Readers' Plugins

  Farhani Momotaz, Md Touhidul Islam, Md Ehtesham-Ul-Haque, Syed Masum Billah · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents the first empirical study focused specifically on understanding the ecosystem of screen reader plugins — small pieces of code that extend screen reader functionality. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 blind screen reader users (ages…

  screen readers · plugins · blind users · assistive technology · NVDA

• Voice Creator: Giving Customized Voice to the Voiceless for Online Communication

  Hyeon Jeong Byeon · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This extended abstract presents Voice Creator, a web-based prototype that allows people with speech or hearing impairments to create customized synthetic voices for online communication. The work is motivated by research showing that voice-based communication increases intimacy…

  speech synthesis · voice customization · speech impairment · hearing impairment · computer-mediated communication

• Providing and Accessing Support During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of Mental Health Professionals, Community and Vocational Support Providers, and Adults with ASD

  Tiffany Thang, Alice Liang, Yechan Choi, Adrian Parrales, Sara H. Kuang, Sri Kurniawan, Heather Perez · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This experience report examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the provision and receipt of essential services for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at Hope Services, a community center for adults with developmental disabilities in California. The researchers…

  autism spectrum disorder · telehealth · COVID-19 · mental health · developmental disability

• Developing Accessible Mobile Applications with Cross-Platform Development Frameworks

  Sergio Mascetti, Mattia Ducci, Niccolò Cantù, Paolo Pecis, Dragan Ahmetovic · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This experience report from the EveryWare Lab at the University of Milan systematically analyzes how well cross-platform development frameworks (CPDFs) support screen reader accessibility APIs compared to native iOS and Android development. The team, which has been developing…

  mobile accessibility · cross-platform development · screen readers · React Native · Xamarin

• Mixed Abilities and Varied Experiences: a group autoethnography of a virtual summer internship

  Kelly Mack, Maitraye Das, Dhruv Jain, Danielle Bragg, John Tang, Andrew Begel, Erin Beneteau, Josh Urban Davis, Abraham Glasser, Joon Sung Park, Venkatesh Potluri · 2021 · Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents a group autoethnography of Microsoft Research's Ability Team during the summer 2020 virtual internship — the company's first all-remote intern cohort. Eleven team members (6 authors, 5 meta-authors) journaled their experiences over three to four months,…

  remote work · mixed-ability teams · autoethnography · virtual collaboration · workplace accessibility

• Evaluation of Assistive Technologies from the perspective of Usability, User Experience and Accessibility: a Systematic Mapping Study

  Tatiany Xavier de Godoi, Guilherme Corredato Guerino, Natasha Malveira C. Valentim · 2021 · Proceedings of the XX Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC)

  This systematic mapping study (SMS) investigates how assistive technologies (ATs) are evaluated from the perspectives of usability, user experience (UX), and accessibility — three interrelated but distinct software quality factors. The authors searched Scopus, ACM Digital…

  assistive technology · usability · user experience · accessibility evaluation · systematic review

• Intelligent Approaches in the Software Development Process: A Systematic Literature Mapping

  Luciano Arruda Teran, Alan Trindade de Almeida Silva, Giselle Lorrane Nobre Melo, Marcelle Pereira Mota · 2021 · Proceedings of the X Latin American Conference on Human Computer Interaction (CLIHC)

  This short paper from the Federal University of Pará in Brazil presents a systematic literature mapping (SLM) investigating how intelligent approaches — methods and tools using artificial intelligence concepts — are used to assess and validate accessibility requirements during…

  software engineering · accessibility testing · artificial intelligence · automated testing · systematic review

• CheerBrush: A Novel Interactive Augmented Reality Coaching System for Toothbrushing Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

  Z. Kevin Zheng, Nandan Sarkar, Amy Swanson, Amy Weitlauf, Zachary Warren, Nilanjan Sarkar · 2021 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  CheerBrush is an augmented reality system designed to teach toothbrushing skills to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Many children with ASD struggle with toothbrushing due to differences in motor dexterity, learning styles, and sensory sensitivity—leading to poor…

  autism spectrum disorder · augmented reality · daily living skills · children · motor skills