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• Gesture-A11Y: A Large-Scale Hub for Accessible Gesture Input

  Mihail Terenti, Laura-Bianca Bilius, Ovidiu-Ciprian Ungurean, Radu-Daniel Vatavu · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper introduces Gesture-A11Y, a large-scale, open-source, web-based hub that serves as a searchable database of gesture input data collected from users with visual or motor disabilities. The tool is the culmination of an eight-year research effort following a four-stage…

  gesture input · motor disabilities · visual disabilities · open data · accessible interaction design

• When LLM-Generated Code Perpetuates User Interface Accessibility Barriers, How Can We Break the Cycle?

  Alexandra-Elena Gurita, Radu-Daniel Vatavu · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper evaluates the ability of large language models (LLMs) to generate accessible web user interfaces, comparing ChatGPT (GPT-4-turbo) and Claude (3.5 Haiku) across two prompting strategies: accessibility-agnostic prompts ("Design the homepage of a banking app") and…

  large language models · WCAG compliance · automated accessibility · prompt engineering · code generation

• Joint Bilingual Navigation of Informed Consent and Intake Forms in American Sign Language and Written English

  Matthew Seita, Michaela Usha, Rachel Skwersky, Poorna Kushalnagar, Raja Kushalnagar · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper presents a joint bilingual informed consent and intake form that can be navigated simultaneously in American Sign Language (ASL) and written English, addressing a critical accessibility barrier for the approximately 500,000 Americans who primarily use ASL. Current…

  deaf and hard of hearing · sign language recognition · informed consent · healthcare accessibility · American Sign Language

• Notification Designs for Influencing Hearing Speakers' Behaviors During Captioned Conversations Among Mixed DHH-Hearing Groups

  Matthew Seita, Sarah Andrew, Matt Huenerfauth · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper investigates notification system designs that prompt hearing speakers to adjust their speech behaviors (speaking slower, louder, or more clearly) during ASR-captioned videoconference conversations with Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) participants. The researchers…

  deaf and hard of hearing · automatic speech recognition · captioning · notification design · videoconferencing

• LLMs for Accessibility in Mobile Apps: Detection and Repair

  Wajdi Aljedaani, Ahmed Aljohani, Marcelo M. Eler, Abdulrahman Habib, Hyunsook Do · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This study evaluates the capacity of three large language models—GPT-4o, Gemini 1.0 Pro, and Llama 3—to detect, classify, and remediate accessibility violations in Android mobile applications. While prior LLM accessibility research has focused primarily on web applications, this…

  mobile accessibility · large language models · Android accessibility · automated accessibility testing · accessibility remediation

• QuickQue: Enabling Quick Access to Information in User Reviews for Screen Reader Users

  Mohan Sunkara, Akshay Kolgar Nayak, Sandeep Kalari, Yash Prakash, Sampath Jayarathna, Hae-Na Lee, Vikas Ashok · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper presents QuickCue, a Google Chrome browser extension that helps blind screen reader users efficiently access online customer reviews by using LLM-powered aspect and sentiment classification to organize and summarize review content. The current experience of reading…

  screen readers · blind users · online reviews · large language models · browser extension

• Towards an AI-Driven Video-Based American Sign Language Dictionary: Exploring Design and Usage Experience with Learners

  Saad Hassan, Matyas Bohacek, Chaelin Kim, Denise Crochet · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents the design, implementation, and user evaluation of a fully automated video-based American Sign Language (ASL) dictionary that allows learners to look up unfamiliar signs by recording themselves performing the sign via webcam. Unlike traditional sign language…

  sign language technology · ASL dictionary · sign language recognition · video-based search · language learning

• Improving the User Experience for Sign Language Interpreters in Remote Interpretation for Small Group Settings

  Roshan Mathew, Wendy Dannels · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This study investigates whether increasing a sign language interpreter's visual access to a deaf client's environment through wider field-of-view (FoV) webcams and customizable screen layouts can enhance the user experience of remote small group interpretation. In traditional…

  video remote interpreting · sign language interpreting · deaf and hard of hearing · videoconferencing · field of view

• Adapting Online Customer Reviews for Blind Users: A Case Study of Restaurant Reviews

  Mohan Sunkara, Akshay Kolgar Nayak, Sandeep Kalari, Yash Prakash, Sampath Jayarathna, Hae-Na Lee, Vikas Ashok · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper addresses the significant usability challenges blind screen reader users face when navigating online customer reviews, using restaurant reviews on Google Maps as a case study. The research proceeds in two phases. First, an interview study with 30 blind screen reader…

  screen readers · blind users · online reviews · LLM accessibility · content summarization

• Investigating the Work Practices of Assembly Line Workers with Visual Impairments

  Mei-Lian Vader, Marjory Pineda, Ravi Kuber · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper investigates the work practices and experiences of assembly line workers with visual impairments at Blind Industries and Services of Maryland (BISM), an organization that provides training and employment to individuals with visual impairments across North America. The…

  workplace accessibility · visual impairment · employment · low-tech accessibility · tactile feedback

• Examining and Mitigating Ability-bias in LLMs via Self-Reflection

  Neel Iyer, Akshita Jha, Alisha Pradhan · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper investigates ability bias in large language models — the tendency of LLMs to encode and perpetuate stereotypical or discriminatory associations about people with disabilities. Using the Bias Benchmarking Questionnaire (BBQ) dataset, the authors administered…

  ability bias · ableism · LLM bias · debiasing · AI fairness

• VisualAid: Enhancing Accessibility for Visually Impaired Users Through AI

  Wajdi Aljedaani, Sijo Rejigeorge, Priya Jha, Srija Yadavalli, Manikanta Kothakota, Marcelo M. Eler, Abdulrahman Habib · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This technical note presents VisualAid, an AI-powered Android application designed to help visually impaired users understand and navigate their physical surroundings. The app integrates multiple AI technologies into a single mobile interface: YOLO11x for real-time object…

  visual impairment · object detection · image captioning · OCR · voice interaction

• AccessMenu: Enhancing Usability of Online Restaurant Menus for Screen Reader Users

  Nithiya Venkatraman, Akshay Kolgar Nayak, Suyog Dahal, Yash Prakash, Hae-Na Lee, Vikas Ashok · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper addresses the significant accessibility barriers that blind and visually impaired (BVI) screen reader users face when trying to access online restaurant menus, which are typically presented as images or PDFs. The research proceeds in two phases. First, an interview…

  screen readers · blind users · visual document understanding · LLM accessibility · multimodal AI

• Harnessing lived experience to promote accessible employment journeys

  Emma Lovegrove, Denise Bertilone, Justin Brown, Elle Beaumont-Bilsby · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper describes the Inclusive Employability initiative at Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Perth, Australia, developed in 2024 to support students from equity cohorts — including people with disability, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students, international…

  disability employment · lived experience · co-design · higher education · inclusive employability

• Accessible workplace, inaccessible workflows: mandatory documents, challenges and workarounds in accessible onboarding

  Scott Hollier, Justin Brown, Ruchi Permvattana · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper presents a lived-experience case study from the Centre For Accessibility Australia (CFAA), a not-for-profit accessibility auditing organization where 9 of 12 staff have lived experience of disability, including the legally blind director who uses screen readers.…

  PDF accessibility · workplace accessibility · government forms · screen readers · document accessibility

• Increasing Agency of Screen-Reader Users in Consuming Information From Online Data Visualizations

  Ather Sharif, Andrew Zhang, Jacob Wobbrock · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper addresses a fundamental equity problem in data visualization accessibility: screen-reader users are limited to consuming only the information that visualization creators choose to provide, with no agency to customize what they hear. Prior research shows screen-reader…

  data visualization accessibility · screen readers · user agency · sonification · alt text

• Color-Coded Emotional Learning Serious Games for Children with Autism: Foregrounding Facial Expression Recognition & Accessibility

  Tahani Jaser Alahmadi, Haifa Albahli, Modhi Alqahtani, Hind Bin Mehaya, Imtinan Alqahtani, Joory Alotaibi · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This technical note presents Muheet, a mobile application that uses color-emotion associations and AI-based facial expression recognition to help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) understand and recognize emotions. ASD affects approximately 1.5-2% of the global…

  autism · emotional learning · serious games · facial expression recognition · machine learning

• FocusUp: A Browser Extension for Enhancing Online Attention and Productivity for ADHD Individuals

  Wajdi Aljedaani, Weston Leonard, Hector Ruiz, Adrian Wegener · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This technical note presents FocusUp, a Chrome browser extension designed to help individuals with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) maintain focus and improve productivity while browsing the web. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent…

  ADHD · cognitive accessibility · browser extension · task management · executive function

• Accessible Workplaces through Accessible ICT Solutions and Inclusive Procurement Practices

  Radostina Tsvetkova · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper examines how accessible ICT solutions and inclusive procurement practices can help reduce digital barriers in workplaces, with a focus on the Norwegian context. Tsvetkova argues that inaccessible workplace technology is a significant barrier to employment for…

  accessible workplaces · inclusive procurement · digital inclusion · workplace accessibility · ICT accessibility

• AI and Gamification for Employees with ADHD: A Tool for Enhancing Workplace Focus & Productivity

  Tahani Jaser Alahmadi, Ruyouf AlKhuzaim, Meral AlHelwah, Abbrar AlOtaibi, Dima AlTammami, Daad AlSaqer · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents WADAQ, an AI-driven gamification tool designed to support employees with ADHD in improving focus, task management, and workplace productivity. The system operates in three stages: first, machine learning classification models predict whether a user is likely…

  ADHD · gamification · machine learning · reinforcement learning · workplace accessibility

• Data Sonification for Screen-Reader Users: When and When Not to Use

  Ather Sharif, Neha Aitharaju, Srihari Krishnaswamy, Jacob Wobbrock · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from the University of Washington assesses when data sonification — non-speech audio representations of data visualizations — is and is not beneficial for screen-reader users. Despite sonification dating back to 1974 and growing adoption in commercial products (Apple…

  sonification · data visualization · screen readers · blindness · visual impairment

• Empowering Accessible Gesture Input Design with Gesture-A11Y

  Mihail Terenti, Laura-Bianca Bilius, Ovidiu-Ciprian Ungurean, Radu-Daniel Vatavu · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava (Romania) introduces Gesture-A11Y, the first open-access web-based tool and database for accessible gesture input design, containing over 22,000 gesture records collected from 122 users with visual and/or motor impairments.…

  gesture interaction · motor accessibility · visual impairment · mobile accessibility · wearable technology

• Barriers to Employment: The Deaf Multimedia Authoring Tax

  Christian Vogler, Abraham Glasser, Raja Kushalnagar, Matthew Seita, Mariana Arroyo Chavez, Keith Delk, Paige DeVries, Molly Feanny, Bernard Thompson, James Waller · 2025 · Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from Gallaudet University describes through firsthand experience the enormous additional burden — termed the "deaf multimedia authoring tax" — that deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people face when creating accessible multimedia content for the workplace. Written by a…

  deaf and hard of hearing · sign language · content creation · workplace accessibility · captioning

• The Sharply Decreasing Disruptiveness of HCI

  Zhilong Chen, Yong Li · 2025 · Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

  This large-scale bibliometric study by Chen and Li from Tsinghua University investigates the creativity of HCI research itself by measuring its "disruptiveness" — the degree to which a paper's contribution is recognised independently rather than merely alongside its references.…

  bibliometric analysis · research methodology · creativity · human-computer interaction · disruptiveness

• It's Hip to Be Square: A Tangible User Interface for Quadrilateral Learning

  Scott George Lambert, Adish Pawar, Taliesin L. Smith, Jennifer Tennison, Emily B. Moore, Jenna Gorlewicz · 2025 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper presents the Smart Quad, a tangible user interface (TUI) designed to make geometry learning accessible through physical manipulation of four-sided shapes. The Smart Quad pairs via Bluetooth with the PhET Quadrilateral Simulation, creating a multimodal learning…

  tangible user interface · TUI · blind and low vision · mathematics education · geometry