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• Quantitative Metrics for Measuring Web Accessibility

  Markel Vigo, Myriam Arrue, Giorgio Brajnik, Raffaella Lomuscio, Julio Abascal · 2007 · Proceedings of the 2007 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper addresses a fundamental limitation of WCAG conformance levels (A, AA, AAA): they function as binary pass/fail thresholds that cannot distinguish between a site meeting all Priority 1 checkpoints and one meeting all Priority 1 plus nearly all Priority 2 checkpoints —…

  accessibility metrics · automated testing · accessibility evaluation · quality assurance · web accessibility monitoring

• Feedback-based evaluation tool for web accessibility

  Daisuke Asai, Masahiro Watanabe, Yoko Asano · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  This short Assets '07 demonstration paper from NTT Cyber Solutions Laboratories proposes a feedback-driven approach to improving automated web-accessibility evaluation tools. The authors frame the familiar problem that automated checkers such as Bobby only catch a fraction of…

  web accessibility · automated testing · accessibility evaluation · crowdsourcing · WCAG

• Haptic comparison of size (relative magnitude) in blind and sighted people

  Sarah A. Douglas, Shasta Willson · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  Douglas and Willson's Assets '07 paper is a controlled psychophysical study of how blind and sighted users compare relative magnitude using a PHANToM force-feedback device — the workhorse haptic input-output device of the era. The motivating problem is practical: accessibility…

  haptics · visual impairment · blindness · multimodal · psychophysics

• Effects of sampling methods on web accessibility evaluations

  Giorgio Brajnik, Andrea Mulas, Claudia Pitton · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  Brajnik, Mulas, and Pitton's Assets '07 paper is a large, careful empirical investigation of the sampling step in web-accessibility evaluation — the step at which an evaluator picks which pages of a site to actually test. For any site above a trivial size, full coverage is…

  web accessibility · accessibility evaluation · sampling methods · accessibility metrics · conformance testing

• SADIe: exposing implicit information to improve accessibility

  Darren Lunn · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  Darren Lunn's Assets '07 demonstration paper introduces SADIe (Structural-Semantics for Accessibility and Device Independence), a transcoding system from the University of Manchester that uses Semantic Web ontologies to expose the implicit visual structure of web pages to screen…

  web accessibility · transcoding · semantic web · ontology · CSS

• Simulation to predict performance of assistive interfaces

  Pradipta Biswas, Peter Robinson · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster from Pradipta Biswas and Peter Robinson at the Cambridge Computer Laboratory describes a simulator for predicting how disabled users will perform on a given assistive interface, intended to reduce the dependence on hard-to-recruit disabled…

  user simulation · usability evaluation · GOMS · Model Human Processor · scanning interface

• Photonote evaluation: aiding students with disabilities in a lecture environment

  Gregory Hughes, Peter Robinson · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  Hughes and Robinson at the Cambridge Computer Laboratory present Photonote, a lecture-capture system designed specifically for students with disabilities, and a controlled user study comparing it to human note-takers. Where existing lecture-capture systems (eClass, Lecture…

  lecture capture · note-taking · educational accessibility · academic accommodation · sign language interpreter

• SAMBA: a semi-automatic method for measuring barriers of accessibility

  Giorgio Brajnik, Raffaella Lomuscio · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  Brajnik and Lomuscio argue that web accessibility cannot be managed without being measured, yet existing accessibility metrics are underdeveloped and almost universally tied to conformance with WCAG checkpoints rather than to the real-world barriers end users encounter. The…

  web accessibility · accessibility metrics · accessibility evaluation · accessibility testing · conformance testing

• Analysis of Navigability of Web Applications for Improving Blind Usability

  Hironobu Takagi, Shin Saito, Kentarou Fukuda, Chieko Asakawa · 2007 · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), Vol. 14, No. 3, Article 13

  This TOCHI article is a two-study investigation into why modern web applications — especially visually dense online shopping sites — remain slow and frustrating for blind users even when they pass automated accessibility checks. The authors argue that current usability theory,…

  web accessibility · screen readers · voice browser · navigation · usability testing

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