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• Fairness of AI for People with Disabilities: Problem Analysis and Interdisciplinary Collaboration

  Jason J. G. White · 2020 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This paper provides a philosophical analysis of the fairness challenges that machine learning-based AI poses for people with disabilities, arguing that these challenges demand unprecedented interdisciplinary collaboration across applied ethics, human rights law, disability…

  AI fairness · algorithmic bias · disability · social justice · ethics

• Fairness Issues in AI Systems that Augment Sensory Abilities

  Leah Findlater, Steven Goodman, Yuhang Zhao, Shiri Azenkot, Margot Hanley · 2020 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This paper examines the unique fairness challenges that arise when AI systems are used to augment sensory abilities for people with disabilities — a context distinct from other AI applications because these systems provide information that is already available to non-disabled…

  AI fairness · sensory augmentation · visual impairment · deaf and hard of hearing · privacy

• Artificial Intelligence and the Dignity of Risk

  Emily Shea Tanis, Clayton Lewis · 2020 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This paper examines the dual risks and opportunities that AI-based systems pose for people with cognitive disabilities, framed around the concept of the "dignity of risk" — the right to make self-directed choices about tradeoffs between risks and benefits, including the freedom…

  AI fairness · cognitive disability · dignity of risk · privacy · algorithmic bias

• Toward Fairness in AI for People with Disabilities: A Research Roadmap

  Anhong Guo, Ece Kamar, Jennifer Wortman Vaughan, Hanna Wallach, Meredith Ringel Morris · 2020 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This position paper from Microsoft Research presents a systematic risk assessment of how major categories of AI systems may fail or discriminate against people with disabilities, proposing a four-point research roadmap for increasing AI fairness. The authors organize their…

  AI fairness · algorithmic bias · disability · computer vision · speech recognition

• What Is the Point of Fairness? Disability, AI and the Complexity of Justice

  Cynthia L. Bennett, Os Keyes · 2020 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This paper offers a critical disability studies challenge to the dominant "fairness" framing of AI ethics, arguing that fairness is insufficient and potentially harmful when applied to disability, and that justice must be centred instead. Drawing on Anna Lauren Hoffmann's…

  AI fairness · disability justice · critical disability studies · computer vision · autism diagnosis

• Artificial Intelligence Fairness in the Context of Accessibility Research on Intelligent Systems for People Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

  Sushant Kafle, Abraham Glasser, Sedeeq Al-khazraji, Larwan Berke, Matthew Seita, Matt Huenerfauth · 2020 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This paper from RIT's Center for Accessibility and Inclusion Research discusses AI fairness issues specifically through the lens of the authors' extensive research on intelligent systems for people who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing (DHH). The authors identify five interconnected…

  AI fairness · deaf and hard of hearing · automatic speech recognition · captioning · evaluation metrics

• Sense and Accessibility: Understanding People with Physical Disabilities' Experiences with Sensing Systems

  Shaun K. Kane, Anhong Guo, Meredith Ringel Morris · 2020 · Proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2020)

  This paper examines how sensing systems — the increasingly pervasive technologies that mediate our interactions with the digital and physical world — create accessibility barriers for people with physical disabilities. Through an online survey of 40 adults with physical…

  physical disability · AI bias · AI fairness · sensors · ubiquitous computing

• Privacy Considerations of the Visually Impaired with Camera Based Assistive Technologies: Misrepresentation, Impropriety, and Fairness

  Taslima Akter, Tousif Ahmed, Apu Kapadia, Swami Manohar Swaminathan · 2020 · Proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2020)

  This paper investigates the privacy concerns of both visually impaired people (PVIs) and sighted bystanders regarding camera-based assistive technologies like smart glasses (Orcam, Aira, eSight) that can identify people and provide demographic and behavioral information about…

  visual accessibility · blindness and low vision · privacy · AI bias · AI fairness

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