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• A Phoneme Probability Display for Individuals with Hearing Disabilities

  Deb Roy, Alex Pentland · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from MIT Media Lab presents a speech-to-visual-display system designed to aid individuals with hearing impairments by converting continuous speech into an animated graphical representation of phoneme probabilities. Rather than attempting traditional speech-to-text…

  hearing accessibility · speech technology · speech visualization · neural networks · phoneme recognition

• Head Pointing and Speech Control as a Hands-Free Interface to Desktop Computing

  Rainer Malkewitz · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper presents a hands-free computer interface that combines head pointing with speech control to enable users who cannot use a mouse and keyboard to operate standard WIMP-style graphical user interfaces. Developed at the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany, the system uses a…

  head tracking · speech recognition · hands-free interface · alternative input · motor disability

• Computer-Based Cognitive Prosthetics: Assistive Technology for the Treatment of Cognitive Disabilities

  Elliot Cole, Parto Dehdashti · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper presents over a decade of research and clinical work from the Institute for Cognitive Prosthetics on designing computer-based cognitive prosthetic (CBCP) systems for individuals with acquired cognitive disabilities from traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and other…

  cognitive disability · cognitive prosthetic · traumatic brain injury · stroke recovery · brain injury rehabilitation

• Haptic Virtual Reality for Blind Computer Users

  Chetz Colwell, Helen Petrie, Diana Kornbrot, Andrew Hardwick, Stephen Furner · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper presents three experiments investigating how blind and sighted people perceive virtual textures and 3D objects through the Impulse Engine 3000, a force-feedback haptic device with a probe that users manipulate in three degrees of freedom. The research aimed to…

  haptic technology · virtual reality · blind and low vision · tactile accessibility · virtual texture

• TGuide: A Guidance System for Tactile Image Exploration

  Martin Kurze · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper presents TGuide, a system that actively guides blind users' hands during exploration of tactile graphics using a novel vibrotactile directional output device. The author identifies three key problems with unaided tactile image exploration: blind users cannot get a…

  tactile graphics · blind and low vision · vibrotactile display · haptic technology · directional guidance

• Towards an EOG-Based Eye Tracker for Computer Control

  David W. Patmore, R. Benjamin Knapp · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper describes the development of an eye tracking system for computer control based on bio-electrical signals, intended as a pointing device for people with physical disabilities. The system combines two complementary biosignal approaches: the Electrooculogram (EOG), which…

  eye tracking · electrooculogram · alternative input · motor disability · bio-electrical signal

• Alliance for Technology Access: Making Assistive Technology Accessible to the Community

  Mary Ann Glicksman · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This one-page briefing paper describes the Alliance for Technology Access (ATA), a national network of over 40 community-based, consumer-driven technology resource centers headquartered in San Rafael, California. At the time of publication, the network comprised 41…

  assistive technology · community resources · disability rights · technology access · organizational accessibility

• Smart Rooms, Desks, and Clothes

  Alexander Pentland · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This keynote address from Assets '98, delivered by Alexander Pentland of MIT's Media Laboratory, outlines a vision for transforming everyday objects — rooms, desks, clothing, cars, and eyeglasses — into intelligent, perceptive systems that actively assist their users. Pentland…

  smart environments · wearable computing · perceptual computing · ambient intelligence · adaptive environments

• The Use of Gestures in Multimodal Input

  Simeon Keates, Peter Robinson · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from the University of Cambridge describes the development and evaluation of a prototype multimodal input system designed for users with motion impairments, for whom standard keyboard and mouse arrangements are often unusable. The system combined two gestural input…

  gesture recognition · multimodal input · motor impairment · user studies · cognitive load

• A Model of Keyboard Configuration Requirements

  Shari Trewin, Helen Pain · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from the University of Edinburgh presents a user model — a computer program that observes a person's typing behaviour and automatically identifies keyboard difficulties, then recommends appropriate configuration settings. The model addresses four common keyboard…

  keyboard accessibility · motor impairment · user modelling · assistive technology · input devices

• User Interface of a Home Page Reader

  Chieko Asakawa, Takashi Itoh · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from IBM Japan's Tokyo Research Laboratory describes the design and evaluation of Home Page Reader, one of the earliest dedicated web browsers for blind users, which became an IBM Japan product in October 1997. The paper opens by framing the information access problem…

  screen readers · web accessibility · blindness · text-to-speech · nonvisual web access

• Auditory Navigation in Hyperspace: Design and Evaluation of a Non-Visual Hypermedia System for Blind Users

  Sarah Morley, Helen Petrie, Anne-Marie O'Neill, Peter McNally · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from the University of Hertfordshire's Sensory Disabilities Research Unit presents the design and rigorous evaluation of DAHNI (Demonstrator of the ACCESS media Non-Visual Interface), a hypermedia system built specifically for blind users as part of the EU-funded…

  auditory interface · blindness · non-speech sounds · hypermedia · nonvisual navigation

• Reading and Writing Mathematics: The MAVIS Project

  A. I. Karshmer, G. Gupta, S. Geiiger, C. Weaver · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from New Mexico State University presents the MAVIS (Mathematics Accessible to Visually Impaired Students) project, an NSF-funded effort to develop comprehensive tools for bidirectional communication of mathematics between blind students and sighted instructors. The…

  mathematical accessibility · STEM accessibility · Nemeth code · LaTeX · blindness

• Dual Level Intraframe Coding for Increased Video Telecommunication Bandwidth

  David M. Saxe, Richard A. Foulds, Arthur W. Joyce · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from the Applied Science and Engineering Laboratories at the University of Delaware presents a dual-level video compression approach designed to make sign language transmission viable over bandwidth-limited telephone networks. The authors identify a fundamental…

  sign language · deafness · video conferencing · video compression · telecommunications

• Factors Leading to the Successful Use of Voice Recognition Technology

  Tanya Goette · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from Georgia College & State University presents results from a field study investigating why voice recognition technology (VRT) succeeds for some individuals with disabilities and fails for others. Drawing on expectancy theory and innovation-diffusion theory, the…

  speech recognition · assistive technology · technology abandonment · motor impairment · user studies

• Modeling and Generating Sign Language as Animated Line Drawings

  Frank Godenschweger, Thomas Strothotte · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg introduces a system for generating sign language as animated line drawings rather than photorealistic 3D renderings. The authors argue that the prevailing approach of creating increasingly realistic virtual humans for…

  sign language · sign language animation · deafness · computer graphics · non-photorealistic rendering

• Augmenting Home and Office Environments

  Elizabeth Mynatt, Douglas Blattner, Meera M. Blattner, Blair MacIntyre, Jennifer Mankoff · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This panel paper brings together five researchers from Xerox PARC, CommunityVision Inc., UC Davis/Lawrence Livermore, Columbia University, and Georgia Tech to discuss how augmented environments — homes and offices enhanced with sensors, computing, and multimodal interfaces — can…

  home automation · augmented reality · ubiquitous computing · smart environments · multimodal interface

• SUITEKeys: A Speech Understanding Interface for the Motor-Control Challenged

  Bill Manaris, Alan Harkreader · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from the University of Southwestern Louisiana presents SUITEKeys, a continuous speech understanding interface that provides complete computer access to users with motor-control impairments by modelling all interaction at the physical keyboard and mouse level. Unlike…

  speech recognition · motor disabilities · voice input · alternative input · natural language interface

• A Tool for Creating Eye-Aware Applications that Adapt to Changes in User Behavior

  Greg Edwards · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from Stanford University's Archimedes Project presents the Black Squirrel Eye Interpretation Engine, a development tool for creating eye-aware software applications that adapt in real-time to changes in a user's natural eye-movement behaviours and intentions. The work…

  eye tracking · gaze interaction · eye-controlled interface · adaptive interface · ALS

• Toward the Use of Speech and Natural Language Technology in Intervention for a Language-Disordered Population

  Jill Fain Lehman · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from Carnegie Mellon University describes the design of Simone Says, an interactive software environment for language remediation in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The system brings together speech recognition, natural language processing, and…

  autism spectrum disorder · language remediation · speech recognition · natural language processing · computer-aided instruction

20 results.