Short-Term Memory

The cognitive system that temporarily holds small amounts of information (typically 7±2 items) for brief periods, usually less than 30 seconds without rehearsal. Short-term memory is distinct from working memory, which involves actively manipulating information. Many cognitive disabilities, including Down syndrome, involve significant deficits in short-term memory, particularly verbal short-term memory. This affects the ability to remember passwords, follow multi-step instructions, and retain information while completing forms. Accessible design should minimize reliance on short-term memory by providing persistent instructions, allowing copy-paste for passwords, and breaking complex tasks into smaller steps.