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• Lost in Instructions: Study of Blind Users' Experiences with DIY Manuals and AI-Rewritten Instructions for Assembly, Operation, and Troubleshooting of Tangible Products

  Monalika Padma Reddy, Aruna Balasubramanian, Jiawei Zhou, Xiaojun Bi, IV Ramakrishnan, Vikas Ashok · 2026 · Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  Blind users increasingly reach for AI tools like Be My AI (Be My Eyes' GPT-4-powered assistant) and ChatGPT to interpret the printed and PDF product manuals that accompany consumer goods - flat-pack furniture, alarm clocks, timers, ring lights, smart thermostats. Prior…

  blind and low vision · generative AI · large language model · assistive technology · document accessibility

• Social Media Apps: A Paradigm for Examining Usability of Mobile Apps for Working-Age Adults with Mild-Moderate Cognitive Disabilities

  Morris Huang, Greg McGrew, Cathy Bodine · 2025 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This empirical usability study examines how working-age adults (18-65) with mild-to-moderate cognitive disabilities interact with five mainstream social media apps: Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, Snapchat, and Tumblr. The research addresses a significant gap—while mobile apps…

  cognitive disability · intellectual disability · traumatic brain injury · social media · mobile apps

• Adapting UX Research for People Living with Alzheimer's, Dementia, and MCI: Improving the UX Research Process for Participants

  Krista D. Kleban · 2024 · Proceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2024)

  This practitioner-focused paper shares first-hand lessons from conducting UX research with people living with Alzheimer's disease, other forms of dementia, and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The author, a UX researcher at the Alzheimer's Association with four years of…

  cognitive accessibility · dementia · Alzheimer's · UX research · usability testing

• Investigating Sign Language Interpreter Rendering and Guiding Methods in Virtual Reality 360-Degree Content

  Craig Anderton · 2022 · Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '22)

  This paper explores how sign language interpretation can be effectively presented in virtual reality 360-degree (VR360) three-degrees-of-freedom video content. The research addresses a significant gap: while VR accessibility guidelines exist for subtitles, there has been almost…

  sign language · virtual reality · extended reality · 360-degree video · deaf accessibility

• Challenges and Opportunities in Creating an Accessible Web Application for Learning Organic Chemistry

  Allyson Grace Yu · 2022 · Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '22)

  This paper investigates the accessibility challenges of creating web-based educational tools for organic chemistry, a STEM subject that relies heavily on visual 2D and 3D molecular representations. The author notes that while 19.8% of undergraduate students report having a…

  STEM accessibility · STEM education · web accessibility · organic chemistry · keyboard accessibility

• Investigating Best Practices for Remote Summative Usability Testing with People with Mild to Moderate Dementia

  Rachel Wood, Emma Dixon, Salma Elsayed-Ali, Ekta Shokeen, Amanda Lazar, Jonathan Lazar · 2021 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This study is the first to examine best practices for conducting remote summative usability testing with people who have mild to moderate dementia, independent of their caregivers. The research included 15 participants (5 pilot, 10 main study) with an average age of 64,…

  dementia · usability testing · remote research · cognitive accessibility · older adults

• The Reliability of Fitts's Law as a Movement Model for People with and without Limited Fine Motor Function

  Ather Sharif, Victoria Pao, Katharina Reinecke, Jacob O. Wobbrock · 2020 · Proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2020)

  This paper investigates a foundational assumption in HCI and assistive technology research: that Fitts's law reliably measures pointing performance. Fitts's law, introduced in 1954, models the relationship between the time to complete a pointing movement and the difficulty of…

  motor accessibility · input methods · research methods · pointing devices · assistive technology

• The Compliance Mindset: Exploring Accessibility Adoption in Client-Based Settings

  Emma L. Holliday · 2020 · Proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2020)

  This short paper investigates how web accessibility is adopted in client-based settings such as consultancies and freelance work, where practitioners must navigate the tension between their own accessibility knowledge and client priorities. The study was motivated by the…

  web accessibility · organizational accessibility · compliance · WCAG · automated testing

• An Easy to Use Data Logger for Local User Studies

  Vagner Figueredo de Santana, Felipe Eduardo Ferreira Silva · 2019 · Proceedings of the 16th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This demonstration paper introduces User Test Logger, an open-source Firefox browser add-on designed to capture detailed user interaction data during local usability and accessibility studies. The authors identify a gap in available tooling: existing interaction logging tools…

  usability testing · accessibility evaluation · interaction logging · data collection · open source tools

• Exploring the Role of Tunnel Vision Simulation in the Design Cycle of Accessible Interfaces

  Rie Kamikubo, Keita Higuchi, Ryo Yonetani, Hideki Koike, Yoichi Sato · 2018 · Proceedings of the 15th International Web for All Conference (W4A 2018)

  This paper investigates whether gaze-contingent tunnel vision simulation can serve as a reliable tool within the design cycle for accessible web interfaces, enabling sighted developers to experience and evaluate prototypes under simulated visual field loss. The challenge…

  low vision · tunnel vision · retinitis pigmentosa · simulation · eye tracking

• A4U - An Approach to Evaluation Considering Accessibility and Usability Guidelines

  Leandro Agostini do Amaral, Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes, Thiago Jabur Bittar · 2018 · Proceedings of the 24th Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web (WebMedia 2018)

  This short paper presents A4U (Ambiente de Analise de Avaliacoes de Acessibilidade e Usabilidade), a web-based environment that integrates accessibility and usability evaluation into a single workflow. The authors argue that the relationship between usability and accessibility…

  accessibility testing · usability testing · integrated evaluation · WCAG · HHS guidelines

• Simulation of Motor Impairment in Head-Controlled Pointer Fitts' Law Task

  Syed Asad Rizvi, Ella Tuson, Breanna Desrochers, John Magee · 2018 · Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '18)

  This poster paper proposes simulating motor impairments in a head-controlled mouse pointer system (Camera Mouse) to address the challenge that participants with motor impairments are not always available for accessibility research or software development testing. The Camera…

  motor impairment · simulation · head tracking · alternative input · Fitts' law

• Usability Testing - An Aphasia Perspective

  Abi Roper, Ian Davey, Stephanie Wilson, Timothy Neate, Jane Marshall, Brian Grellmann · 2018 · Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2018)

  This experience report from City, University of London presents how classic usability testing methods were adapted to include people with aphasia, co-authored with Ian Davey, a person with aphasia who participated in the adapted testing. Aphasia is a language impairment acquired…

  aphasia · usability testing · cognitive accessibility · stroke · communication accessibility

• "I knew that, I was just testing you": Understanding Older Adults' Impression Management Tactics During Usability Studies

  Rachel L. Franz, Ron Baecker, Khai N. Truong · 2018 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper investigates how older adults (65+) engage in impression management (IM) during usability studies—conscious or unconscious behaviors to present themselves favorably to researchers. While IM is known to affect research validity, its specific manifestations in…

  older adults · aging · usability testing · research methodology · user research

• Towards the Prediction of Dyslexia by a Web-based Game with Musical Elements

  Maria Rauschenberger, Luz Rello, Ricardo Baeza-Yates, Emilia Gomez, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents DysMusic, a web-based serious game prototype that aims to predict the risk of dyslexia in pre-reading children using musical elements rather than linguistic tasks. Current dyslexia screening tools rely on reading and writing abilities — linguistic elements…

  dyslexia · screening · serious games · gamification · music

• Design and Psychometric Evaluation of an American Sign Language Translation of the System Usability Scale

  Matt Huenerfauth, Kasmira Patel, Larwan Berke · 2017 · Proceedings of the 19th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '17)

  This paper addresses a significant gap in accessibility research methodology: the lack of standardized usability questionnaires available in American Sign Language (ASL) for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) participants. The System Usability Scale (SUS) is one of the most widely…

  sign language · deaf accessibility · usability testing · survey translation · psychometrics

• A Usability Evaluation of Two Virtual Aids to Enhance Cursor Accessibility for People with Motor Impairments

  J. Eduardo Pérez, Xabier Valencia, Myriam Arrue, Julio Abascal · 2016 · Proceedings of the 13th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from the University of the Basque Country presents and evaluates two virtual cursor enhancements designed to help people with motor impairments perform pointing and clicking tasks during web browsing. The "circular cursor" creates a translucent circular active area…

  motor accessibility · assistive technology · input devices · pointing devices · web accessibility

• Eye Tracking Scanpath Analysis on Web Pages: How Many Users?

  Sukru Eraslan, Yeliz Yesilada, Simon Harper · 2016 · Proceedings of the Ninth Biennial ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA)

  This paper investigates how many participants are needed for reliable eye tracking scanpath analysis on web pages — a question that has been debated in usability research for over 30 years but never specifically addressed for scanpath studies. While the classic "magic number" of…

  eye tracking · scanpath analysis · usability testing · sample size · web accessibility

• Usage of Subjective Scales in Accessibility Research

  Shari Trewin, Diogo Marques, Tiago Guerreiro · 2015 · ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This methodological paper investigates whether positive response bias affects subjective ratings in accessibility research—a critical concern given that Likert-type items are widely used to evaluate assistive technologies. The authors pursued two complementary approaches: a…

  research methodology · Likert scales · response bias · usability testing · accessibility research

• HEUA: A Heuristic Evaluation with Usability and Accessibility Requirements to Assess Web Systems

  Ana Luiza Dias, Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes, Paulo Cesar Masiero · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from the University of Sao Paulo presents HEUA (Heuristic Evaluation with Usability and Accessibility), a questionnaire-based instrument that integrates usability and accessibility assessment into a single evaluation framework for web systems. The authors argue that…

  accessibility testing · usability testing · heuristic evaluation · evaluation methods · web accessibility

• Investigating the Appropriateness and Relevance of Mobile Web Accessibility Guidelines

  Raphael Clegg-Vinell, Christopher Bailey, Voula Gkatzidou · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from AbilityNet and Brunel University examines whether real accessibility issues found during mobile user testing can be effectively mapped to existing guidelines — specifically WCAG 2.0 and the W3C Mobile Web Best Practices (MWBP) 1.0. Five lab-based mobile testing…

  mobile accessibility · WCAG compliance · accessibility testing · usability testing · accessibility standards

• Web Accessibility Evaluation with the Crowd: Using Glance to Rapidly Code User Testing Video

  Mitchell Gordon · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper proposes using Glance, a crowd-powered video coding tool, to accelerate the analysis of user accessibility testing videos. User testing with people with disabilities is a recommended component of web accessibility evaluation (as outlined in the W3C Website…

  crowdsourcing · accessibility evaluation · usability testing · video coding · web accessibility

• Uncovering the Role of Expectations on Perceived Web Accessibility

  Amaia Aizpurua, Myriam Arrue, Markel Vigo · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '13)

  This short paper investigates how user expectations shape the perception of web accessibility for blind users, arguing that guideline compliance alone does not guarantee a satisfying user experience. The authors note a key gap: prior research found that only 50.4% of problems…

  web accessibility · blind users · screen readers · user experience · perceived accessibility

• Design Recommendations for TV User Interfaces for Older Adults: Findings from the eCAALYX Project

  Francisco Nunes, Maureen Kerwin, Paula Alexandra Silva · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper presents thirteen design recommendations for TV-based user interfaces for older adults, derived from the eCAALYX (Enhanced Complete Ambient Assisted Living Experiment) project. eCAALYX is a European health monitoring system that uses a TV and set-top box to help older…

  older adults · interactive television · user interface design · design guidelines · ambient assisted living

• Specialized DVD Player to Render Audio Description and Its Usability Performance

  Claude Chapdelaine · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This demonstration paper presents the CRIM DVDPlayer, a specialized software DVD player designed to enhance the audio description (AD) experience for blind and visually impaired (BVI) individuals. Developed at the Centre de Recherche Informatique de Montréal (CRIM), the player…

  audio description · visual impairment · blind users · multimedia accessibility · DVD