Glossary

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ABA Reversal Method(also: ABA Design, Reversal Design)

The ABA reversal method is a single-subject experimental design in which one participant is observed across three phases: a baseline (A), an intervention (B), and a return to baseline (A). By comparing performance across the A-B-A sequence, the design isolates the effect of the…

Ability Heuristics

A set of nine accessibility-focused design heuristics — Adaptability, Equitable Experience, Flexible Task Completion, Efficiency and Effectiveness of User Action, Multiple Modalities, Understandable Messages, Ease of Adoption, Ability Data Transparency, and Help, Support, and…

Accessibility Barrier(also: A11y Barrier)

Any aspect of a digital product, web page, document, or service that prevents or impedes a person with a disability from perceiving, operating, understanding, or using it on an equivalent basis to someone without that disability. Examples include missing alt text on images,…

Accessibility Inspection(also: Accessibility Inspection Method, Accessibility Audit)

An evaluation approach in which an expert or designer reviews an interface against a set of accessibility criteria without recruiting end users, analogous to usability inspection methods such as heuristic evaluation, cognitive walkthrough, or guideline review. Common inspection…

Accessibility Internet Rally(also: AIR, AIR-Austin)

An annual web-development competition run by Knowbility (based in Austin, Texas) in which teams of developers are paired with non-profit clients and judged partly on the accessibility of the websites they build in a short timeframe. AIR uses a structured judging rubric that…

Algorithmic Audit(also: AI Audit, Algorithmic Auditing)

A structured evaluation of an algorithmic system that measures how its behaviour differs across users, groups, or contexts - typically to surface bias, fairness failures, or disparate impact. Accessibility-oriented audits go beyond aggregate accuracy to look at where and why a…

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