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Glossary

Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.

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Y-BOCS(also: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale)
The most widely used clinical assessment tool for measuring the severity of OCD symptoms. The Y-BOCS includes a symptom checklist that categorizes obsessions and compulsions by type, and a severity scale that rates the time occupied by symptoms, interference with functioning,…
YOLO(also: You Only Look Once)
YOLO (You Only Look Once) is a real-time object detection algorithm that identifies and locates objects within images or video frames in a single pass through a neural network. In accessibility applications, YOLO enables systems to automatically detect objects, people, and…
YOLO (You Only Look Once)(also: YOLO, YOLOv8, YOLO Object Detector)
A family of real-time object detection neural networks that predict bounding boxes and class labels in a single forward pass over an image, rather than using a two-stage propose-then-classify pipeline. YOLO has become a workhorse detector for accessibility research and assistive…
YouDescribe
A free web platform operated by the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute that enables volunteers to crowdsource audio descriptions for YouTube videos. Viewers can request a video be described and sighted volunteers record and align AD tracks synchronised with the original…
YouTube Accessibility(also: Video Platform Accessibility)
The degree to which YouTube and similar video platforms can be effectively used by people with disabilities, including availability of captions, audio descriptions, screen reader compatibility, and keyboard navigation. For teachers with vision impairments in India, YouTube…

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