Glossary

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Acceptance Testing(also: User Acceptance Testing, UAT, Acceptance Tests)

A form of software testing that validates whether a system meets its specified requirements from the end user's perspective. In accessibility, acceptance tests simulate real user interaction scenarios — such as navigating a web page using only the keyboard or activating…

Accessibility Barrier(also: A11y Barrier)

Any aspect of a digital product, web page, document, or service that prevents or impedes a person with a disability from perceiving, operating, understanding, or using it on an equivalent basis to someone without that disability. Examples include missing alt text on images,…

Accessibility Checker(also: Accessibility Evaluation Tool, Accessibility Scanner, A11y Checker)

An accessibility checker is a software tool that analyzes web content to identify potential barriers for people with disabilities, typically by testing against established guidelines such as WCAG or Section 508. Accessibility checkers range from browser extensions and…

Accessibility Crawler(also: automated accessibility crawler, app crawler for accessibility)

An automated tool that systematically explores an application's user interface—by simulating taps, swipes, and navigation—to discover screens and UI components and then evaluate each against accessibility rules without human involvement. On Android, crawlers typically drive the…

Accessibility Evaluation(also: Accessibility Audit, Accessibility Assessment, Accessibility Review)

The process of assessing whether a digital product, website, or application meets accessibility standards and is usable by people with disabilities. Accessibility evaluation typically combines automated testing tools (which can check technical requirements like image alt text…

Accessibility Evaluation Method(also: AEM, Accessibility Testing Method)

A structured approach or procedure used to assess the accessibility of digital products, websites, or applications. Accessibility evaluation methods include conformance review (checking against standards like WCAG), barrier walkthrough (assessing barriers in context of specific…

Accessibility Heuristics(also: Accessibility Heuristic Evaluation)

A set of broad usability and accessibility principles used to evaluate digital products for barriers that may prevent people with disabilities from using them effectively. Unlike detailed technical checklists such as WCAG success criteria, accessibility heuristics provide…

Accessibility Inspection(also: Accessibility Inspection Method, Accessibility Audit)

An evaluation approach in which an expert or designer reviews an interface against a set of accessibility criteria without recruiting end users, analogous to usability inspection methods such as heuristic evaluation, cognitive walkthrough, or guideline review. Common inspection…

Accessibility Inspector(also: Xcode Accessibility Inspector)

A developer tool included with Apple's Xcode development environment that allows developers and QA testers to audit iOS, macOS, and other Apple platform apps for accessibility issues. The tool can run automated accessibility checks on a connected device or simulator, detecting…

Accessibility Linter(also: A11y Linter, Accessibility Lint)

A static analysis tool that scans source code — typically HTML, CSS, and related web technologies — for accessibility violations against standards such as WCAG. Accessibility linters can be integrated into code editors, build pipelines, or run as standalone tools to flag issues…

Accessibility Metric(also: Web Accessibility Metric, Accessibility Score)

A quantitative measure used to assess and compare the accessibility quality of web pages or websites. Accessibility metrics typically calculate a score (often 0-100%) based on the number and severity of WCAG violations found, weighted by conformance level (Level A weighted…

Accessibility Metric(also: Web Accessibility Metric, Accessibility Quality Metric)

An accessibility metric is a quantitative measure used to assess the level of accessibility compliance of a web page or website. Metrics typically derive from the results of automated or manual evaluation of WCAG checkpoints, aggregating pass/fail/warning outcomes into a single…

Accessibility Monitoring(also: Web Accessibility Monitoring, Accessibility Observatory)

Accessibility monitoring is the ongoing process of tracking and measuring the accessibility level of websites or digital products over time. Because web content is frequently updated, changes can inadvertently introduce new accessibility barriers or degrade previously achieved…

Accessibility Progress Formula(also: APPF, Accessibility Progress Percentage)

A formula for quantitatively tracking progress in addressing accessibility issues on a website, expressed as APPF = A / ((A + B) + (T - C)), where A is the number of applicable checklist items that have been addressed, B is the number not yet addressed, T is the total number of…

Accessibility Repair(also: Automated Accessibility Repair, Accessibility Remediation)

Accessibility repair refers to the process of identifying and fixing accessibility barriers in digital content, ranging from manual remediation by developers to automated tools that can detect and correct certain violations programmatically. Automated repair tools aim to go…

Accessibility Scanner(also: Google Accessibility Scanner, Android Accessibility Scanner)

A testing tool developed by Google that scans Android app screens for common accessibility issues. The scanner checks for problems such as missing content descriptions on interactive elements, insufficient touch target sizes, and low color contrast. It can be run on any Android…

Accessibility overlay(also: Accessibility widget, Accessibility plugin, Overlay tool)

A software layer, typically implemented as a JavaScript widget or browser extension, that applies modifications to a website's presentation or behavior with the goal of improving accessibility. Overlays range from user-driven tools that empower individuals to fix specific…

Automated Accessibility Testing(also: Automated Testing, Accessibility Scanning, A11y Testing)

The use of software tools to programmatically check web content against accessibility guidelines such as WCAG, identifying issues like missing alternative text, insufficient color contrast, empty links, and missing form labels. While automated tools such as WAVE, axe, and…

Automated Evaluation Tool(also: AET, Automated Testing Tool, Accessibility Checker)

Software that automatically scans websites, applications, or documents to detect accessibility violations against standards such as WCAG or Section 508. Common examples include WAVE, axe, AChecker, and Lighthouse. While these tools can efficiently identify many technical…

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