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Glossary

Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.

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FaceReader(also: Noldus FaceReader)
A commercial facial-expression recognition software (developed by Noldus) that uses computer vision and deep learning to automatically classify faces into basic emotions (neutral, happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, disgusted) and to estimate emotional valence and arousal in…
Facial Action Coding System(also: FACS)
A comprehensive, anatomically based system for describing all visually discernible facial movements, originally developed by Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen in 1977. FACS decomposes facial expressions into individual components called Action Units (AUs), each corresponding to the…
Facial Affect(also: Facial Expression of Emotion, Emotional Facial Expression)
The display of emotion through facial movements, including changes in the position of the eyebrows, eyes, mouth, and other facial features that communicate a person's emotional or mental state. Facial affect is a primary channel of nonverbal social communication and can convey…
Frisson(also: Aesthetic Chills, Musical Chills, Piloerection)
A psychophysiological response to music, art, or other aesthetic stimuli characterised by a pleasurable shiver or chills sensation accompanied by piloerection (goosebumps) and transient increases in heart rate and skin conductance. Frisson is associated with high emotional…

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