Glossary

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Rapid Serial Visual Presentation(also: RSVP)

A text display method in which words or short phrases are shown one at a time in a fixed location on screen in quick succession, eliminating the need for eye movements (saccades) between words. RSVP was first proposed in the 1950s for reading research and adapted for practical…

Re-speaking(also: Respeaking, Speech-to-Text Relay)

A captioning technique in which a trained operator listens to a speaker and repeats (re-speaks) their words clearly into a high-quality microphone in a controlled environment, allowing automatic speech recognition software to generate captions with higher accuracy than direct…

Real-Time Captioning(also: Live Captioning, Live Transcription)

The process of converting spoken language into text simultaneously as it is being spoken, displayed with minimal delay. Real-time captioning is essential for deaf and hard of hearing individuals to participate in live events, meetings, lectures, and conversations. Methods…

Real-Time Captioning(also: CART, Communication Access Realtime Translation, Live Captioning)

The instant conversion of spoken language into text displayed simultaneously as speech occurs, provided either by a trained human captioner or through automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology. Real-time captioning is a critical accessibility service for Deaf and…

Real-Time Captioning(also: Live Captioning, Real-Time Text)

The process of converting spoken language into text that is displayed simultaneously or near-simultaneously as the speech occurs. Real-time captioning is essential for deaf and hard of hearing individuals to participate in live events, meetings, and educational settings. Methods…

Real-Time Captioning(also: Live Captioning, CART, Communication Access Realtime Translation)

The process of converting spoken language into text display in real time, typically with only a few seconds of delay. Professional real-time captioning (CART) uses stenographers with specialised shorthand keyboards who can type at speaking rates of 170+ words per minute,…

Real-Time Captioning(also: Live Captioning, Live Speech-to-Text)

The process of converting spoken language to text simultaneously or with minimal delay as the speech occurs. Real-time captioning can be produced by human transcriptionists (CART, C-Print, TypeWell), crowd workers, automatic speech recognition (ASR), or hybrid approaches. Unlike…

Remote Captioning(also: Remote CART, Remote Real-Time Captioning)

A live captioning service delivered at a distance, in which a human captioner (CART provider) or automatic speech recognition system receives an audio feed from a meeting, classroom, or event over the internet or a phone line and transmits transcribed text back to the user in…

Respeaking(also: Speech-to-Speech Captioning, Voice Writing)

A real-time captioning method in which a trained operator listens to speech and repeats it clearly into a speech recognition system optimized for their voice, producing captions. Respeaking is commonly used in broadcast television captioning and live events. It requires less…

Roll-up Captions(also: Roll-up style, Scroll-up Captions)

A captioning display style in which text is added one word or line at a time, scrolling upward as new text arrives and pushing earlier lines off the top. Roll-up is typically used in live captioning because it can display words as they are produced without waiting for a full…

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