Glossary

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Paper Prototyping(also: Lo-Fi Prototyping, Low-Fidelity Prototyping)

A rapid design technique that uses paper, cardboard, and other simple materials to create tangible representations of product concepts before investing in digital or electronic implementation. Paper prototyping allows designers and users to quickly explore form, layout, and…

Participatory Design(also: PD, Cooperative Design, Scandinavian Design)

A design approach originating in Scandinavian workplace democracy movements that emphasizes the direct involvement of people in the design of technologies and systems that affect them. Participatory design treats users as experts in their own experiences and gives them genuine…

Participatory Speculative Design(also: PSD, Social Dreaming)

A design research approach that combines speculative design — imagining alternative futures and artifacts that do not yet exist — with participatory methods that position community members, particularly those historically excluded from technology design, as co-authors of those…

Persona(also: User Persona, Design Persona)

A fictional but research-based representation of a user group that captures key characteristics, goals, motivations, and needs. In accessibility work, personas are used to represent the diverse experiences and requirements of disabled users, helping design teams maintain empathy…

Persona Design(also: Design Personas, User Personas)

A user-centered design technique in which designers create fictional but grounded profiles of representative users — demographics, goals, context, pain points — to guide design decisions when direct user involvement is limited. In accessibility and HCI co-design workshops,…

Prototyping(also: Prototype)

The iterative creation of tangible, interactive representations of a design - ranging from paper sketches and cardboard mock-ups to functional software builds - used to explore ideas, elicit feedback, and test assumptions before committing to a final product. In accessibility…

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