Glossary

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Ability Assumptions(also: Ability-Based Assumptions, Normative Assumptions)

Ability assumptions are the implicit expectations that technology designers build into systems about users' physical, sensory, and cognitive capabilities. These assumptions — about how fast someone moves, their range of motion, body proportions, grip strength, speech patterns,…

Ability-Based Design(also: ABD)

A design philosophy that focuses on what users can do rather than what they cannot, adapting systems to leverage each individual's specific abilities. Instead of designing for a "typical" user and then adding accessibility accommodations, ability-based design starts from the…

Abundant Design(also: Abundant UI Design)

A design approach for cognitively accessible interfaces in which primary actions are represented by multiple redundant cues — short text, an icon, a distinctive color, and ample size — so users can identify the control through whichever channel suits them. Contrasts with minimal…

Access-Stabilising Support

A design framing, introduced by Bhuiyan et al. (2026), that positions AI in Deaf education not as an autonomous translator or replacement instructor but as a mediated tool whose role is to preserve visual access, reinforce teacher-validated signs, and sustain comprehension…

Agentive Amplifier

A framing of technical artefacts, proposed by Oosterlaken and Van Den Hoven, as things that create possibilities a person would not otherwise have — extending, not replacing, the user's own agency. Under this view the ethical significance of a technology is judged by how it…

Assistive Technology Mainstreaming(also: Mainstreaming, AT Mainstreaming)

A design philosophy and practice where assistive technology features are integrated into mainstream consumer products rather than developed as separate, specialized devices. Examples include smartphones with built-in screen readers, tablets used for AAC, and headphones that also…

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