Glossary

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Bloom's Taxonomy

A hierarchical framework originally proposed by Benjamin Bloom in 1956 and later revised, classifying educational learning objectives into levels of cognitive complexity: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. In accessibility education,…

Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning(also: CTML, multimedia learning theory)

A theory developed by Richard E. Mayer proposing that people learn more effectively from words and pictures together than from words alone, because the brain processes visual and auditory information through separate working-memory channels. CTML underpins design principles such…

Constructionism(also: Constructionist Learning)

A learning theory developed by Seymour Papert proposing that people learn most effectively when actively constructing artifacts that are personally meaningful. In accessibility and therapeutic contexts, constructionism informs the design of technologies that give users…

Flow Theory(also: Flow State, Flow)

A psychological theory proposed by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi describing the state of deep immersion and intrinsic enjoyment that occurs when a person is fully engaged in an activity whose challenge level closely matches their skill level. Flow is characterized by clear goals,…

Sociocultural Learning Theory(also: Sociocultural Theory, Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory)

A theory of learning developed by Lev Vygotsky that argues cognitive development and knowledge acquisition are fundamentally social, mediated by language, culture, and interaction with more knowledgeable others. Key concepts include the zone of proximal development (the gap…

Zeigarnik Effect

A psychological phenomenon identified by Bluma Zeigarnik in 1927 describing the tendency for people to remember interrupted or incomplete tasks better than completed ones. The effect explains why partially finished challenges, multi-level games, and serialized learning modules…

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