Glossary

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DIY AAC(also: Do-It-Yourself AAC, Self-Made AAC, Bespoke AAC)

Augmentative and alternative communication tools created or significantly customized by the users themselves rather than prescribed by clinicians or purchased as commercial products. DIY AAC ranges from low-tech solutions like handmade communication diaries and picture boards to…

Developmental Apraxia of Speech(also: Childhood Apraxia of Speech, CAS, DAS)

A motor speech disorder in which children have difficulty planning and coordinating the movements needed for speech, despite having no muscle weakness. Children with developmental apraxia of speech know what they want to say but their brains have difficulty coordinating the…

Disordered Speech(also: Pathological Speech, Atypical Speech)

Speech that differs from typical patterns due to motor, neurological, structural, or developmental conditions. Disordered speech encompasses conditions like dysarthria, apraxia, stuttering, and speech differences from cerebral palsy or Parkinson's disease. For accessibility,…

Dysfluency(also: Disfluency, Speech Dysfluency)

An interruption in the normal flow of speech, including repetitions of sounds, syllables, or words ("b-b-because"), prolongations of sounds ("ssssnake"), blocks (silent pauses where speech is temporarily stopped), and interjections ("um", "uh"). While occasional dysfluencies are…

Dysphonia(also: voice disorder, phonation disorder)

A voice disorder characterized by abnormal pitch, loudness, quality, or resonance of the voice resulting from impaired function of the larynx or vocal cords. Dysphonia can range from mild hoarseness to complete voice loss (aphonia) and may be caused by vocal cord nodules,…

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