Glossary

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Dark Mode(also: Dark Theme, Night Mode)

A display setting that uses light-colored text and interface elements on a dark background, reversing the typical light-mode color scheme. Dark mode can benefit users with light sensitivity, photophobia, or certain visual conditions by reducing screen glare and brightness.…

Design System(also: Component Library, UI Kit)

A collection of reusable components, patterns, guidelines, and assets that together define the visual language and interaction standards for a product or organization. Design systems typically include UI components, typography, color palettes, icons, illustrations, and…

Digital Nudge(also: Technology Nudge, Behavioral Nudge)

Design elements in digital interfaces that subtly guide users toward particular behaviors or decisions. In privacy contexts, nudges might suggest obfuscating detected sensitive content or prompt users to review their sharing settings. HCI scholarship has critiqued nudging as…

Direct Manipulation(also: Direct Manipulation Interface, DMI)

An interaction style in human-computer interfaces where users directly act on visible objects rather than issuing commands. Key characteristics include continuous representation of objects, physical actions instead of complex syntax, and immediately visible results. Examples…

Dual User Interface(also: Dual Interface, Concurrent Accessible Interface)

An interface design approach in which two distinct, purpose-built user interfaces are provided simultaneously for different user groups — typically one visual interface for sighted users and one non-visual interface for blind or visually impaired users. Unlike screen reader…

Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment(also: DDA, Adaptive Difficulty)

A system design approach that automatically or manually adjusts the precision, complexity, or challenge level of feedback and interaction based on the user's skill level and progress over time. Originally developed for video games to balance challenge and frustration, DDA has…

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