Glossary
Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.
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- SGML(also: Standard Generalized Markup Language)
- An international standard (ISO 8879:1986) metalanguage for defining markup languages that describe the structure and content of electronic documents. SGML introduced foundational concepts including descriptive markup (tagging what content is, not how it should look), document…
- SMIL(also: Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language)
- A W3C XML-based markup language for describing multimedia presentations that combine audio, video, text, images, and other media with precise temporal and spatial synchronization. SMIL is significant for accessibility because it includes a MediaAccessibility module that defines…
- Scalable Vector Graphics(also: SVG)
- An XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics that supports interactivity and animation. Unlike bitmap formats (JPEG, PNG, GIF) which store images as grids of pixels, SVG describes shapes, paths, and text mathematically, allowing images to scale without loss of…
- Semantic Annotation(also: Semantic Markup, Semantic Tagging)
- The process of adding machine-readable metadata to web content that describes the meaning of the content rather than its visual presentation. Unlike HTML markup which primarily specifies how content should be displayed (font size, color, layout), semantic annotations describe…
- Semantic Web(also: Web of Data, Linked Data)
- An extension of the World Wide Web in which information is given well-defined meaning through standardized formats and technologies (such as RDFa, OWL, and ontologies), enabling machines to interpret and process web content more intelligently. For accessibility, semantic web…
- Signing Gesture Markup Language(also: SiGML)
- Signing Gesture Markup Language (SiGML) is an XML-compliant notation for representing sign language gestures, developed as part of the ViSiCAST project at the University of East Anglia. SiGML is designed to bridge the gap between linguistic descriptions of signs and the…
- Speech Synthesis Markup Language(also: SSML)
- Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) is a W3C standard XML-based markup language for controlling the rendering of synthetic speech by text-to-speech (TTS) engines. SSML provides tags for specifying pronunciation, volume, pitch, speaking rate, emphasis, pauses, and voice…
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