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• WAEM: A Web Accessibility Evaluation Metric Based on Partial User Experience Order

  Shuyi Song, Can Wang, Liangcheng Li, Zhi Yu, Xiao Lin, Jiajun Bu · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper introduces WAEM (Web Accessibility Experience Metric), a novel accessibility metric that derives checkpoint weights from actual user experience data rather than from WCAG priority levels. The authors demonstrate that existing metrics like WAB and WAQM, which weight…

  accessibility metrics · user experience · accessibility evaluation · machine learning · SVM

• Considerations for Implementing a Holistic Organisational Approach to Accessibility

  Chris Bailey, Voula Gkatzidou · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper proposes a human-centred model of accessibility that moves beyond treating accessibility as a purely technical standards-compliance exercise. The authors argue that accessibility, usability, and user experience are interdependent quality attributes that must all be at…

  organizational accessibility · accessibility maturity · accessibility policy · user experience · human-centred design

• Experiencing EVA Park, a Multi-User Virtual World for People with Aphasia

  Julia Galliers, Stephanie Wilson, Jane Marshall, Richard Talbot, Niamh Devane, Tracey Booth, Celia Woolf, Helen Greenwood · 2017 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This study examines the user experience of EVA Park, a multi-user virtual world designed specifically for people with aphasia (PWA) to practice conversations. Aphasia, a communication disorder most commonly caused by stroke (occurring in 45% of stroke survivors), affects…

  aphasia · virtual worlds · stroke rehabilitation · speech-language therapy · social interaction

• Improving OER websites for learners with disabilities

  Rosa Navarrete, Sergio Luján-Mora · 2016 · Proceedings of the 13th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This extended abstract presents an OER (Open Educational Resources) website designed to enhance the user experience of learners with disabilities when searching for and retrieving educational resources. The authors argue that despite the inclusive vision behind the OER movement,…

  open educational resources · user experience · personalization · information architecture · e-learning accessibility

• Breaking Barriers to Digital Literacy: An Intergenerational Social-Cognitive Approach

  Keith Atkinson, Jaclyn Barnes, Judith Albee, Peter Anttila, Judith Haataja, Kanak Nanavati, Kelly Steelman, Charles Wallace · 2016 · Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '16)

  This experience report presents narratives from learners and student tutors participating in the BASIC (Building Adult Skills in Computing) program at Michigan Technological University, which has paired university students with older community members (mostly 60+) for one-on-one…

  aging · digital literacy · digital divide · education · collaborative learning

• "Old Habits Die Hard!": Eyetracking Based Experiential Transcoding: A Study with Mobile Users

  Elgin Akpınar, Yeliz Yeşilada · 2015 · Proceedings of the 12th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents an eyetracking-based approach to experiential transcoding — the practice of reformatting web pages into more accessible forms based on understanding how users actually experience and navigate content. The authors built on their earlier eMine project, which…

  transcoding · eyetracking · mobile web · situational impairment · user experience

• Online News Videos: The UX of Subtitle Position

  Michael Crabb, Rhianne Jones, Mike Armstrong, Chris J. Hughes · 2015 · ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This BBC-funded research investigates whether repositioning subtitles from their traditional placement within a video to below the video frame improves user experience for online news content. The study addresses a gap in captioning research: while television subtitling has…

  subtitles · captions · deaf accessibility · user experience · video accessibility

• APSIS4all: Personalisation as a Strategy to Ensure Accessibility and Enhance User Experience of Public Digital Terminals

  R. Ignacio Madrid, Christopher Bailey · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents the APSIS4all project, a European Commission-funded initiative that uses personalisation to make Public Digital Terminals (PDTs) — specifically ATMs and Ticket Vending Machines (TVMs) — accessible to people with disabilities, older adults, and those less…

  kiosk accessibility · personalization · public digital terminals · ATM accessibility · user experience

• Evaluating Accessibility-in-Use

  Markel Vigo, Simon Harper · 2013 · Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper introduces a novel method for evaluating web accessibility that goes beyond traditional guideline conformance testing. The authors argue that standards like WCAG 2.0 capture only about 53% of accessibility problems experienced by users, missing issues such as broken…

  accessibility evaluation · user interaction · behavioural analysis · screen readers · blind and low vision

• Experiential Transcoding: An EyeTracking Approach

  Yeliz Yesilada, Simon Harper, Sukru Eraslan · 2013 · Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper introduces "experiential transcoding" — a user-centred approach to web page transformation that uses eye-tracking data from sighted users to understand how people actually experience web pages, then uses those patterns to guide transcoding for blind and situationally…

  eye tracking · user experience · transcoding · visual impairment · situational impairment

• Uncovering the Role of Expectations on Perceived Web Accessibility

  Amaia Aizpurua, Myriam Arrue, Markel Vigo · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '13)

  This short paper investigates how user expectations shape the perception of web accessibility for blind users, arguing that guideline compliance alone does not guarantee a satisfying user experience. The authors note a key gap: prior research found that only 50.4% of problems…

  web accessibility · blind users · screen readers · user experience · perceived accessibility

• A Challenge to Web Accessibility Metrics and Guidelines: Putting People and Processes First

  Martyn Cooper, David Sloan, Brian Kelly, Sarah Lewthwaite · 2012 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This influential paper argues that web accessibility is not an intrinsic property of a digital resource but a relational quality determined by the interaction between users, resources, and contexts — shaped by political, social, cultural, and technical factors. The authors…

  accessibility theory · accessibility policy · WCAG compliance · user experience · disability studies

• Understanding Web Accessibility and Its Drivers

  Yeliz Yesilada, Giorgio Brajnik, Markel Vigo, Simon Harper · 2012 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This highly cited study surveyed over 300 people with an interest in web accessibility to investigate how the community defines accessibility, what motivates people to work on it, and which definitions are most widely accepted. The authors note that the accessibility community…

  accessibility theory · accessibility definitions · user experience · usability · accessibility policy

• Improving the Accessibility of Dynamic Web Content for Older Users

  Darren Lunn, Simon Harper · 2011 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents the SCWeb2 (Senior Citizens on the Web 2.0) Assistant Tool, a browser extension designed to help older users understand and interact with dynamic Web 2.0 content. The authors build on their previous research showing that older users, unlike younger ones, have…

  aging · dynamic content · web accessibility · cognitive accessibility · AJAX

• The Interplay Between Web Aesthetics and Accessibility

  Grace Mbipom, Simon Harper · 2011 · Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This paper investigates whether the commonly held belief that visually attractive websites are inherently inaccessible holds true. The research was conducted in two studies. In Study 1, 30 sighted web users rated 50 homepages (drawn from Alexa top UK sites and Webby Award…

  web accessibility · visual design · user experience · accessibility evaluation · heuristic evaluation

• Age and Web Access: The Next Generation

  Vicki L. Hanson · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper challenges the common assumption that technology difficulties experienced by older adults are a fixed characteristic of aging that will naturally disappear as tech-savvy younger generations grow old. Hanson argues that the relationship between age and web access is…

  aging · older adults · digital divide · cognitive accessibility · user experience

• The User Experience: Designs and Adaptations

  Vicki L. Hanson · 2004 · Proceedings of the 2004 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This keynote-style paper from IBM's Watson Research Center by Vicki Hanson argues that web accessibility standards and guidelines, while necessary, do not guarantee a usable or satisfying experience for people with disabilities. The paper distinguishes between accessibility…

  low vision · aging · cognitive accessibility · user experience · personalization