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• Eye-Tracking-Driven Shared Control for Robotic Arms: Wizard of Oz Studies to Assess Design Choices

  Anke Fischer-Janzen, Thomas M. Wendt, Daniel Görlich, Kristof Van Laerhoven · 2026 · ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction

  The paper presents two Wizard of Oz studies evaluating an eye-tracking-driven shared-control system for an assistive robotic arm — the 7-DoF Kinova Gen3 — designed for People with Severe Motor Disabilities (PSMD). PSMD here includes people with locked-in syndrome, cerebral…

  assistive robotics · eye tracking · gaze input · shared control · motor disability

• Shared Control for Game Accessibility: Understanding Current Human Cooperation Practices to Inform the Design of Partial Automation Solutions

  Dragan Ahmetovic, Matteo Manzoni, Filippo Corti, Sergio Mascetti · 2026 · Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This CHI 2026 paper investigates 'shared control' in video games — an accessibility practice in which a player with a disability (the 'pilot') delegates inaccessible game actions to another agent (the 'copilot') so the pair jointly drive a single character. Shared control is…

  game accessibility · shared control · partial automation · human-AI collaboration · motor disability

• Robot-Assisted Social Dining as a White Glove Service

  Atharva S Kashyap, Ugne Aleksandra Morkute, Patricia Alves-Oliveira · 2026 · Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This CHI 2026 paper addresses a gap in the robot-assisted feeding literature: existing systems are almost exclusively evaluated in the lab or the home for solitary dining, leaving public, social contexts such as restaurants largely unstudied. The authors argue that social dining…

  assistive robotics · robot-assisted feeding · speculative design · participatory design · generative AI

• AI That Moves With You: A Review of Interactive Technologies Powered by Large Foundation Models for Mobility Impairment

  Duosi Dai, Yuchong Zhang, Yong Ma, Danica Kragic · 2026 · Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This paper is a scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) of how large foundation models - LLMs, large vision models, and vision-language models - are being woven into interactive assistive technologies for people with mobility impairments, covering publications from January 2020 to May 2025.…

  foundation model · large language model · vision-language model · literature review · scoping review

• From Preference to Performance: Patient-Centered Design of Multimodal Cueing in Parkinson's Disease Gait Training

  Xinjin Li, Wenjie Wang, Kai Wang, Houzhen Tuo, Xiaolong Ma, Xiaohui Tan, Wei Sun, Feng Tian, Xiaojuan Ma · 2026 · Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This CHI 2026 paper reports a patient-centered design and evaluation of a wearable multimodal cueing system for gait rehabilitation in early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). The authors first run semi-structured interviews with 10 early-stage PD patients and 5 clinicians (3…

  parkinson's disease · gait training · multimodal cueing · rehabilitation · wearable technology

• "I just thought it was me": How Smartphones Fail Users with Mild-to-Moderate Dexterity Differences

  Molly Bowman, Jerry Robinson, Erin Buehler, Shaun Kane · 2023 · Proceedings of the 25th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2023)

  This paper examines the smartphone experiences of people with mild-to-moderate dexterity (MMD) challenges — a population largely overlooked by accessibility research that tends to focus on more severe motor disabilities requiring specialized assistive technology like switches.…

  motor disability · dexterity · mobile accessibility · smartphones · touch screen

• Co-designing Socially Assistive Sidekicks for Motion-based AAC

  Stephanie Valencia, Michal Luria, Amy Pavel, Jeffrey P. Bigham, Henny Admoni · 2021 · Proceedings of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI '21)

  This paper explores how socially assistive robots, framed as "sidekicks," could provide AAC users with a nonverbal channel of communication to support their conversational goals. While AAC devices enable speech-based communication through synthesized speech, they do not support…

  AAC · nonverbal communication · socially assistive robots · co-design · human-robot interaction

• Handsfree for Web: A Google Chrome extension to browse the web via voice commands

  Javier Pérez · 2019 · Proceedings of the 16th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This demonstration paper presents Handsfree for Web, a free Google Chrome browser extension that enables users to browse the web entirely through voice commands. The tool addresses a fundamental accessibility barrier: nearly all websites require manual interaction via keyboard,…

  voice control · speech recognition · motor disability · browser extension · web accessibility

• See-Thru: Towards Minimally Obstructive Eye-Controlled Wheelchair Interfaces

  Corten Clemente Singer, Björn Hartmann · 2019 · Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents See-Thru, an eye-tracking interface for controlling power wheelchairs that replaces the conventional obstructive computer screen with a transparent wire-frame device containing spatially arranged LEDs. The fundamental problem with existing eye-controlled…

  eye tracking · eye-gaze control · power wheelchair · motor disability · assistive technology

• A Community-Centered Design Framework for Robot-Assisted Feeding Systems

  Tapomayukh Bhattacharjee, Maria E. Cabrera, Anat Caspi, Maya Cakmak, Siddhartha S. Srinivasa · 2019 · Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper develops a community-centered design framework for evaluating robot-assisted feeding (RAF) systems, shifting the perspective from purely transactional (robot picks up food, delivers to mouth) to relational (feeding as a social, cultural, and identity-laden activity…

  assistive robotics · activities of daily living · motor disability · feeding assistance · community-centered design

• Identifying Comfort Areas in 3D Space for Persons with Upper Extremity Mobility Impairments Using Virtual Reality

  Shanmugam Muruga Palaniappan, Ting Zhang, Bradley S. Duerstock · 2019 · Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This short paper presents a method for using virtual reality exergaming to identify personalized comfort areas in 3D space for people with upper extremity mobility impairments (UEMIs), enabling optimal placement of assistive technology input devices like switches, joysticks, and…

  virtual reality · motor disability · spinal cord injury · ergonomics · assistive technology

• User Perspectives on Robotics for Post-stroke Hand Rehabilitation

  Chloe Ng · 2019 · Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2019)

  This student research abstract presents a preliminary qualitative study investigating user perceptions of an exoskeleton robotic device designed for post-stroke hand rehabilitation. Impaired hand motor function is one of the most significant disabilities following stroke,…

  stroke rehabilitation · exoskeleton · robotics · motor disability · assistive technology

• An Intelligent Decision Support System for Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment

  Min Hun Lee · 2019 · Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2019)

  This student research abstract presents an interactive multimodal machine learning approach for automatically assessing upper-limb stroke rehabilitation exercises and supporting therapist decision-making. Physical rehabilitation is critical for people recovering from stroke to…

  stroke rehabilitation · machine learning · human-AI interaction · decision support · motor disability

• Reliability Aware Web Accessibility Experience Metric

  Shuyi Song, Jiajun Bu, Chengchao Shen, Andreas Artmeier, Zhi Yu, Qin Zhou · 2018 · Proceedings of the 15th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper introduces RA-WAEM (Reliability Aware Web Accessibility Experience Metric), a novel approach to measuring website accessibility that incorporates actual user experience from people with disabilities while accounting for the varying reliability of different evaluators.…

  accessibility metrics · user experience · accessibility evaluation · machine learning · web accessibility

• Gaze Typing using Multi-key Selection Technique

  Tanya Bafna · 2018 · Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '18)

  This student research competition paper presents a multi-key selection technique for gaze typing that significantly speeds up text input for people with extreme motor disabilities such as full body paralysis. Traditional gaze typing uses dwell time — the user must fixate on each…

  eye tracking · gaze interaction · text entry · motor disability · paralysis

• Improving the Academic Inclusion of a Student with Special Needs at University Bordeaux

  John J. Kelway, Anke M. Brock, Pascal Guitton, Aurélie Millet, Yasushi Nakata · 2018 · Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '18)

  This experience report describes a collaborative effort between accessibility researchers, student support services (PHASE), and a motor and speech-disabled student (YN) at the University of Bordeaux to improve his academic participation. YN, over 60 years old, acquired a severe…

  3D printing · assistive technology · text entry · motor disability · higher education

• WAEM: A Web Accessibility Evaluation Metric Based on Partial User Experience Order

  Shuyi Song, Can Wang, Liangcheng Li, Zhi Yu, Xiao Lin, Jiajun Bu · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper introduces WAEM (Web Accessibility Experience Metric), a novel accessibility metric that derives checkpoint weights from actual user experience data rather than from WCAG priority levels. The authors demonstrate that existing metrics like WAB and WAQM, which weight…

  accessibility metrics · user experience · accessibility evaluation · machine learning · SVM

• An Exploratory Case Study to Support Young Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

  Sheng Miao, Ziying Tang, Jinjuan Heidi Feng, Amanda Jozkowski, Molly Lichtenwalner · 2017 · Proceedings of the 19th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '17)

  This demonstration paper presents a case study exploring input solutions for very young children with Type I Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), the most severe form of a neurodegenerative disease that causes degeneration of spinal cord motor neurons, skeletal muscle atrophy, and…

  spinal muscular atrophy · motor disability · alternative input · sensors · young children

• VocalIDE: An IDE for Programming via Speech Recognition

  Lucas Rosenblatt · 2017 · Proceedings of the 19th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '17)

  This student research paper addresses the underrepresentation of people with upper-limb physical impairments in the developer community — while 6.7% of Americans have upper-limb impairments, less than 4% of developers report any physical disability. The author argues that…

  speech recognition · motor disability · programming accessibility · voice interface · upper-limb impairment

• Development and Theoretical Evaluation of Optimized Phonemic Interfaces

  Gabriel J. Cler, Cara E. Stepp · 2017 · Proceedings of the 19th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '17)

  This paper presents the development and computational evaluation of optimized phonemic communication interfaces for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) users. Unlike traditional letter-based (orthographic) interfaces like QWERTY keyboards, phonemic interfaces allow…

  augmentative and alternative communication · motor disability · input methods · interface design · speech synthesis

• OnScreenDualScribe with Point-and-Click Interface: A Viable Computer Interaction Alternative based on a Virtual Modified Numerical Keypad

  Kavita Krishnaswamy, Patricia Ordóñez, Phillip Beckerle, Stephan Rinderknecht, Torsten Felzer · 2016 · Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '16)

  This paper presents a first-person evaluation of the OnScreenDualScribe (OSDS) Point-and-Click Interface, a virtual keyboard designed for people who cannot use a standard keyboard or mouse effectively. The first author, who has Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), can only interact…

  text entry · motor disability · virtual keyboard · assistive technology · word prediction

• Playing Music with the Head

  Emeline Brulé · 2016 · Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '16)

  This short paper describes the co-design process leading to an open source music-playing software for M., a person living with severe motor, dexterity, and speech impairments in a nursing home in France. The system uses an infrared camera mounted on top of a computer to track…

  music accessibility · motor disability · co-design · participatory design · DIY assistive technology

• Filteryedping: Design Challenges and User Performance of Dwell-Free Eye Typing

  Diogo Pedrosa, Maria da Graça Pimentel, Amy Wright, Khai N. Truong · 2015 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper introduces Filteryedping, a dwell-free eye typing technique designed to help people with severe motor disabilities communicate through eye gaze. Traditional dwell-based eye typing requires users to fixate on a key for a specific duration (typically 400-1000ms) to…

  eye tracking · eye typing · dwell-free · motor disability · ALS

• Text Entry Using a Compact Keypad with OSDS

  Torsten Felzer, Stephan Rinderknecht · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This demo paper presents OSDS (OnScreenDualScribe), a Windows software tool that enables people with neuromuscular diseases to replace a standard full-size keyboard with a compact 19-key numeric keypad called the DualPad. For people with conditions that cause motor impairment,…

  text entry · alternative input · keyboard replacement · neuromuscular disease · motor disability

• The Gest-Rest: A Pressure-Sensitive Chairable Input Pad for Power Wheelchair Armrests

  Patrick Carrington, Amy Hurst, Shaun K. Kane · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper introduces the Gest-Rest, a pressure-sensitive input device designed to fit over a standard power wheelchair armrest, enabling users to perform touch and gesture interactions without needing to reach for or hold a separate device. The concept builds on the authors'…

  wheelchair accessibility · alternative input · gesture interaction · motor disability · pressure input