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• Real-Time Captioning by Groups of Non-Experts

  Walter Lasecki, Christopher Miller, Adam Sadilek, Andrew Abumoussa, Donato Borrello, Raja Kushalnagar, Jeffrey Bigham · 2012 · UIST '12: Proceedings of the 25th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

  This paper presents Legion:Scribe, an end-to-end system that enables groups of non-expert typists to collectively produce real-time captions for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people, offering a cheaper and more available alternative to professional stenographers (CART, costing…

  real-time captioning · crowdsourcing · deaf and hard of hearing · human computation · text alignment

• Detecting the Hand-Mouthing Behavior of Children with Intellectual Disability Using Kinect Imaging Technology

  Tzu-Wei Wei · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This short paper presents a system that uses Microsoft Kinect depth-sensing technology to automatically detect hand-mouthing behavior in children with severe intellectual disabilities. Hand-mouthing — the repetitive placement of fingers into the mouth — affects approximately 17%…

  intellectual disability · stereotypic behavior · self-injurious behavior · Kinect · behavior detection

• IDEAL: A Dyslexic-Friendly eBook Reader

  Gaurang Kanvinde, Luz Rello, Ricardo Baeza-Yates · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This demonstration paper presents the IDEAL eBook Reader, an Android application that displays ePub-formatted ebooks with a text layout specifically adapted for readers with dyslexia. The design is grounded in empirical research: layout guidelines were derived from experiments…

  dyslexia · readability · ebook · ePub · text-to-speech

• Kinempt: A Kinect-Based Prompting System to Transition Autonomously Through Vocational Tasks for Individuals with Cognitive Impairments

  Yu-Chi Tsai · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This short paper presents Kinempt (a portmanteau of "kinetic" and "prompt"), a Kinect-based task prompting system designed to help individuals with cognitive impairments perform vocational tasks independently. The research is motivated by the fact that people with cognitive…

  cognitive impairment · Kinect · task prompting · vocational rehabilitation · supported employment

• FEPS: A Sensory Substitution System for the Blind to Perceive Facial Expressions

  Md. Iftekhar Tanveer, A.S.M. Iftekhar Anam, A.K.M Mahbubur Rahman, Sreya Ghosh, Mohammed Yeasin · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This demonstration paper presents FEPS (Facial Expression Perception through Sound), a visual-to-auditory sensory substitution system that enables blind individuals to perceive their conversation partner's facial expressions through sound. The inability to perceive facial…

  visual impairment · blind users · sensory substitution · sonification · facial expression recognition

• Helping Visually Impaired Users Properly Aim a Camera

  Marynel Vázquez, Aaron Steinfeld · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper evaluates three interaction modes for helping visually impaired users aim a camera to achieve good photo composition: speech-based feedback (spoken directional words like "up", "down", "left", "right" with pitch indicating proximity), tone-based feedback (a looping…

  visual impairment · blind users · low vision · photography · camera aiming

• Smartphone Application for Indoor Scene Localization

  Nabeel Younus Khan, Brendan McCane · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This demonstration paper presents a smartphone-based assistive technology that uses computer vision to determine a blind user's location inside a building where GPS is ineffective. The system operates on a client-server model running on an Android HTC Wildfire S phone. It…

  visual impairment · blind navigation · indoor localization · computer vision · smartphone

• Accessible Web Automation Interface: A User Study

  Yury Puzis · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This doctoral consortium paper presents the evaluation of two web automation user interfaces designed to help blind and low-vision screen reader users complete web browsing tasks more efficiently. The fundamental problem is that while the web has become essential for daily tasks…

  web accessibility · web automation · screen readers · blind users · low vision

• Capture: A Desktop Display-Centric Text Recorder

  Oren Laadan, Andrew Shu, Jason Nieh · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper presents Capture, a display-centric text recording system that continuously tracks all onscreen text and metadata across both foreground and background windows with low overhead and without requiring modifications to applications, window systems, or operating system…

  screen reader · accessibility API · accessibility tree · text recording · desktop accessibility

• Wii Remote as a Web Navigation Device for People with Cerebral Palsy

  Nithin Santhanam · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This short paper evaluates the Nintendo Wii remote as an alternative web navigation device for people with cerebral palsy, compared to a standard wireless mouse. Despite the abundance of accessibility tools, customizable and inexpensive options for people with motor impairments…

  cerebral palsy · alternative input device · motor impairment · web accessibility · Wii remote

• Detecting Hunchback Behavior in Autistic Children with Smart Phone Assistive Devices

  Shu-Hsien Lin · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This short demonstration paper presents a low-cost assistive system that uses a smartphone's built-in accelerometer to detect hunchback posture in an autistic student at the Kaohsiung Municipal Renwu Special Education School (KRSES) in Taiwan. The student frequently exhibited…

  autism · assistive technology · wearable technology · posture detection · special education

• Face Tracking User Interfaces Using Vision-Based Consumer Devices

  Norman H. Villaroman · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12)

  This short paper investigates the design and implementation of face tracking user interfaces built with consumer-grade vision and depth-sensing devices, specifically the Microsoft Kinect. The research addresses the needs of users who cannot effectively use traditional…

  face tracking · head tracking · assistive technology · alternative input · depth sensing

• iSCAN: A Phoneme-based Predictive Communication Aid for Nonspeaking Individuals

  Ha Trinh, Annalu Waller, Keith Vertanen, Per Ola Kristensson, Vicki L. Hanson · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper presents iSCAN (Interactive Sound-based Communication Aid for Non-speakers), a phoneme-based predictive communication system designed for people with severe speech impairments (SSI) who lack conventional literacy skills. The core problem is that most augmentative and…

  augmentative and alternative communication · phoneme-based communication · predictive text · word prediction · severe speech impairment

• Exploration and Avoidance of Surrounding Obstacles for the Visually Impaired

  Limin Zeng, Denise Prescher, Gerhard Weber · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper presents the 3DOD (3D Obstacle Detector), a wearable system that combines a 3D Time-of-Flight (TOF) camera with a portable multi-line refreshable Braille display to help blind pedestrians detect and avoid obstacles beyond the reach of a white cane. White canes detect…

  blindness · obstacle detection · electronic travel aid · haptic feedback · tactile display

• AccessibleNews DAISY: Newspapers in DAISY

  Gaurang Kanvinde, Saurabh Gupta · 2011 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents AccessibleNews DAISY, software developed by Accessible Systems in Mumbai, India, that automatically converts web-based newspaper and magazine content into DAISY (Digital Accessible Information System) digital talking books. The authors identify that while the…

  DAISY · blind and low vision · assistive technology · news accessibility · digital talking books

• Accessibility Approach to Adopting Web Technologies

  Neil King, Damien McCormack · 2011 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents findings from a comprehensive Australian Government-commissioned study by Vision Australia into the accessibility of the PDF format for people with disabilities. The three-phase research combined user consultation (focus groups with blind and low vision…

  PDF accessibility · assistive technology · blind and low vision · screen readers · document accessibility

• HapticRiaMaps: Towards Interactive Exploration of Web World Maps for the Visually Impaired

  Nikolaos Kaklanis, Konstantinos Votis, Panagiotis Moschonas, Dimitrios Tzovaras · 2011 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents HapticRiaMaps, a free open-source web application from the Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas (CERTH) in Greece that makes online 2D maps accessible to visually impaired users through haptic force feedback and audio sonification. The system retrieves…

  blind and low vision · haptic technology · accessible maps · sonification · multimodal interaction

• Farfalla Project: Browser-Based Accessibility Solutions

  Andrea Mangiatordi, Harpreet Singh Sareen · 2011 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents Farfalla, a free and open-source project from the University of Milano Bicocca that provides cloud-based assistive technology through the browser, eliminating the need for locally installed software. The core insight is that traditional AT is deeply tied to…

  assistive technology · cloud computing · web accessibility · accessibility tools · browser extension

• Evaluation of Haptic HTML Mappings Derived from a Novel Methodology

  Ravi Kuber, Wai Yu, Sile O'Modhrain · 2011 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of haptic HTML mappings designed to help blind users navigate web pages using a Logitech Wingman force-feedback mouse. The research builds on a novel five-step participatory design methodology that actively involved blind users in…

  haptic feedback · force-feedback · blind users · web accessibility · assistive technology

• Stroke Therapy through Motion-Based Games: A Case Study

  Gazihan Alankus, Rachel Proffitt, Caitlin Kelleher, Jack Engsberg · 2011 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This case study explores the long-term home use of motion-based video games for stroke rehabilitation—an area where prior research focused mainly on clinical settings or short-term evaluations. The participant was a 62-year-old woman with hemiparesis (partial paralysis on one…

  stroke rehabilitation · motor impairment · game-based therapy · motion sensing · hemiparesis

• Ability-Based Design: Concept, Principles and Examples

  Jacob O. Wobbrock, Shaun K. Kane, Krzysztof Z. Gajos, Susumu Harada, Jon Froehlich · 2011 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This foundational paper introduces ability-based design as a paradigm shift in accessible computing—moving focus from what users cannot do (disability) to what they can do (ability). The authors argue that traditional approaches like assistive technology place the burden of…

  ability-based design · universal design · inclusive design · adaptive interfaces · motor impairment

• What the Disability Community Can Teach Us About Interactive Crowdsourcing

  Jeffrey P. Bigham, Richard E. Ladner · 2011 · Interactions

  This short forum article argues that the disability community has been practicing interactive crowdsourcing long before the term became mainstream in computing, and that mainstream crowdsourcing systems have much to learn from these experiences. The authors trace how people with…

  crowdsourcing · assistive technology · disability community · visual question answering · sign language interpreting

• The Design of Human-Powered Access Technology

  Jeffrey P. Bigham, Richard E. Ladner, Yevgen Borodin · 2011 · Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This paper presents a comprehensive framework of 13 design dimensions for evaluating and comparing human-powered access technology — systems that use human assistance, facilitated by technology, to overcome accessibility barriers that automation alone cannot solve. The authors…

  human computation · crowdsourcing · assistive technology · accessibility framework · design principles

• Supporting Blind Photography

  Chandrika Jayant, Hanjie Ji, Samuel White, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2011 · ASSETS '11: The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This paper explores how blind and low-vision people use cameras and presents two applications designed to make photography more accessible. The research begins with a large-scale online survey of 118 blind and low-vision people that establishes the empirical foundation for the…

  blind users · low vision · photography · computer vision · mobile accessibility

• An Integrated System for Blind Day-to-Day Life Autonomy

  Hugo Fernandes, José Faria, Hugo Paredes, João Barroso · 2011 · Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This demonstration paper presents nav4b, an integrated system designed to support the day-to-day autonomy of blind people by combining indoor/outdoor navigation guidance with object recognition in a single platform. Unlike existing solutions that require users to carry multiple…

  blindness · navigation · RFID · object recognition · white cane