Glossary

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Scene Description(also: SD, Visual Description)

A textual description of the visual elements in a video scene — including objects, people, settings, actions, and visual cues — that can be converted into audio through text-to-speech technology. Scene descriptions serve as the basis for audio descriptions, making video content…

Semantic feature(also: Environmental feature, Landmark annotation)

A meaningful environmental attribute associated with a specific location in a navigation system, such as a doorway, floor surface change, point of interest, or tactile ground indicator. In accessible indoor navigation, semantic features serve a dual purpose: confirming the…

Sheet Music(also: Musical Score, Written Music)

A printed or digital document that uses musical notation to represent a musical composition, showing pitch, rhythm, dynamics, and other performance instructions through standardized symbols on a staff. Reading sheet music while playing (sight-reading) is fundamental to musical…

Sight-Reading(also: Sight Reading)

The ability to read and perform music from a written score for the first time, without prior practice or memorization. Sight-reading requires simultaneously decoding musical notation and executing it on an instrument in real time, making it one of the most demanding musical…

Situational Impairment(also: Situational Disability, Situationally-Induced Impairment)

A temporary reduction in a person's ability to interact with technology caused by their environment or context rather than a permanent condition. Examples include using a phone in bright sunlight (visual), operating a device while carrying groceries (motor), or trying to hear…

Social Desirability Bias(also: Impression Management)

A type of response bias in which research participants answer questions in a way that presents themselves favorably rather than truthfully, either to project a positive self-image or to avoid judgment from the researcher. In accessibility research, social desirability bias can…

Social Proof

A psychological and behavioural phenomenon in which people rely on the choices, ratings, and reviews of others as evidence when making decisions under uncertainty. In digital accessibility contexts, social proof becomes especially load-bearing for users who cannot independently…

Songwriting(also: Therapeutic Songwriting)

A therapeutic intervention in which a client, often collaborating with a therapist, composes original lyrics and musical elements as a way to explore emotions, reframe experiences, and build a sense of authorship over their own narrative. In music psychotherapy, songwriting is…

Speaker Focus(also: Speaker Focus Mode, Speaker View)

A video layout customization option that enlarges and centers the speaker while removing content overlays and auxiliary visual elements. Speaker Focus is designed for viewers who find pop-up graphics and overlays distracting and prefer to concentrate on the speaker body…

Speech Enhancement(also: Voice Enhancement, Speech Clarity Improvement)

Audio processing techniques that improve the clarity, intelligibility, and quality of speech in audio or video content. Speech enhancement can involve removing background noise, extending audio bandwidth, normalizing volume levels, and improving articulation clarity. For viewers…

Static Accessibility Analysis(also: Static A11y Analysis, Source Code Accessibility Analysis)

An approach to detecting accessibility issues by examining an application's source code, layout files, or configuration without actually running the application. In mobile development, this typically involves analyzing XML layout files for issues such as missing content…

Symptom Fluctuation(also: Fluctuating Symptoms, Variable Symptoms, Good Days and Bad Days)

The variation in symptom severity that people with chronic conditions or disabilities experience over time—sometimes within a single day. Symptom fluctuation means that a person's abilities and access needs may change unpredictably, making it difficult to follow fixed schedules…

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