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Glossary

Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.

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Farnsworth D-15 Test(also: D-15 Color Test, Farnsworth Dichotomous Test)
The Farnsworth D-15 test is a clinical assessment used to evaluate color perception by asking a person to arrange 15 colored caps in order of hue. The pattern of errors reveals the type and severity of color vision deficiency, distinguishing between protan (red), deutan (green),…
Flesch Reading Ease(also: Flesch Readability Score, Flesch Score, FRE)
A readability formula developed by Rudolf Flesch in 1948 that rates text on a 100-point scale based on average sentence length and average number of syllables per word. Higher scores indicate easier-to-read text: scores of 60-70 are considered suitable for a general audience,…
Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test(also: FAST)
A brief, standardized assessment tool used to screen for the presence and severity of aphasia in stroke survivors and others with acquired language impairments. The FAST evaluates four language areas: comprehension, expression, reading, and writing, providing scores out of 30.…
Functional Assessment(also: Functional Capability Assessment, FA)
A systematic process for evaluating an individual's ability to perform specific tasks or activities, focusing on what a person can actually do rather than their medical diagnosis. In assistive technology contexts, functional assessment measures physical, cognitive, or sensory…
Functional Capacity(also: Functional Ability)
The maximum level at which a person can perform a given physical or cognitive activity under standardised conditions. Functional capacity represents what a person is capable of doing, as opposed to what they typically do in daily life (functional performance). In assistive…
Functional Classification(also: Sport Classification, Player Classification)
A system used in adaptive and Paralympic sports to group athletes into categories based on their physical functional abilities rather than their specific medical diagnosis. In wheelchair basketball, players are assigned a classification from 1.0 (least trunk mobility) to 4.5…
Functional Independence(also: Functional Autonomy, Independent Functioning)
The ability to perform daily living activities without assistance from others, encompassing both basic self-care tasks (eating, dressing, bathing) and more complex instrumental activities (shopping, managing finances, using transportation). Functional independence is assessed…
Functional Limitation(also: Functional Restriction)
A restriction or lack of ability to perform a physical or cognitive action in the manner or within the range considered typical. In the context of accessibility and rehabilitation, functional limitations are the specific constraints on what a person can do — such as limited grip…

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