Glossary

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Data Descriptor(also: Training Data Descriptor)

An automated metric or feedback mechanism that characterizes the quality or properties of a dataset, particularly training images used in machine learning. In accessibility research, data descriptors provide non-visual feedback to blind users about the quality of photos they…

Data Representativeness(also: Dataset Representativeness, Demographic Representativeness)

The degree to which a dataset reflects the diversity of the population it is intended to serve, particularly across demographic dimensions such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, disability, and socioeconomic status. In AI and machine learning, unrepresentative training data leads…

Data Stewardship(also: Dataset Stewardship, Data Governance)

The responsible management of data throughout its lifecycle, including decisions about collection, storage, access, sharing, and disposal. In accessibility research, participatory data stewardship involves disabled data contributors in decisions about how their data is used,…

Dataset Bias(also: Training Data Bias, Data Representation Bias, Sampling Bias)

A systematic skew in the composition of training data used to build machine learning models, resulting in models that perform well for overrepresented groups but poorly for underrepresented ones. In accessibility contexts, dataset bias is a pervasive problem: activity…

Datasheets for datasets(also: Dataset documentation, Data cards)

A standardized documentation framework proposed by Gebru et al. that accompanies machine learning datasets with information about their creation, composition, intended use, and limitations. For accessibility, datasheets help surface representation gaps — such as whether people…

Differential privacy(also: DP)

A mathematical framework for sharing statistical information about a dataset while providing provable guarantees that individual records cannot be identified. In accessibility contexts, differential privacy is proposed as a way to resolve the tension between collecting…

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