Glossary

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Neck Range of Motion(also: Cervical Range of Motion, Neck ROM)

The extent to which a person can move their head and neck through three planes of rotation: flexion and extension (nodding forward and backward), axial rotation (turning left and right), and lateral bending (tilting ear toward shoulder). Normal active neck range of motion varies…

Neurodegenerative Disease(also: Neurodegenerative Disorder, Neurodegeneration)

A category of diseases characterized by progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of nerve cells. Common neurodegenerative diseases include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These…

Non-Verbal Vocalization(also: Non-Speech Vocalization, Vocal Gesture, Non-speech Vocalisation)

A sound produced by the voice that is not a spoken word, such as a sustained vowel sound ("Ahhhhh"), hum, or other vocal noise. In assistive technology and alternative input contexts, non-verbal vocalizations can serve as continuous control signals for cursor movement or other…

Nontraditional Assistive Technologies(also: NTATs, Nontraditional Input Technologies)

Input technologies that use physiological signals rather than physical movement to control computers, providing access for people who cannot use traditional devices like keyboards, mice, or even eye-tracking systems. NTATs include brain-computer interfaces (using EEG or fNIR),…

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