Glossary
Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.
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- MIDI(also: Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
- A technical standard for communication between electronic musical instruments, computers, and related audio devices. MIDI transmits digital messages representing musical events like note-on, note-off, velocity, and control changes rather than audio signals. Because MIDI data is…
- MPEG-4 Facial Action Parameter(also: MPEG-4 FAP, FAP, Facial Action Parameter)
- A standard for 3D face animation defined in ISO/IEC 14496-2 (MPEG-4), which parameterises a face through 68 feature points whose displacements (scaled relative to the character's own facial proportions) encode any facial expression. MPEG-4 FAP is proportion-invariant, so the…
- MathML(also: Mathematical Markup Language)
- A W3C standard XML-based markup language for describing mathematical notation and its structure, enabling mathematical content to be rendered visually in web browsers and read aloud by screen readers. MathML is essential for STEM accessibility because it encodes both the visual…
- MathML(also: Mathematical Markup Language)
- A W3C standard XML-based markup language for describing mathematical notation and capturing both its structure and content. MathML comes in two forms: presentation MathML, which describes how a formula looks (layout and visual appearance), and content MathML, which describes…
- Matterhorn Protocol(also: PDF Association Matterhorn Protocol)
- A comprehensive set of test conditions published by the PDF Association for verifying PDF/UA (ISO 14289-1) conformance. The Matterhorn Protocol categorizes accessibility checks into those that can be performed by automated tools and those that require human judgment, providing a…
- Metadata
- Data that provides structured information about other data or digital content. In accessibility, metadata plays a critical role in describing the accessibility features and characteristics of digital resources — for example, indicating whether a document has alternative text for…
- Mobile Web Accessibility(also: Mobile Accessibility)
- The practice of ensuring websites and web applications are usable by people with disabilities when accessed through mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Mobile web accessibility presents unique challenges including small screen sizes, touch-based interaction, device…
- Mobile Web Best Practices(also: MWBP, MWBP 1.0)
- A W3C recommendation published in 2006 that defines good usability and accessibility practices for delivering web content to mobile devices. Derived from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 (WCAG 1.0), Mobile Web Best Practices focuses on guidelines that have a direct…
- MusicXML
- An open, XML-based standard format for representing Western musical notation, enabling the exchange of sheet music between different music notation software applications. MusicXML encodes the structural and visual elements of a musical score in a machine-readable format, making…
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