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• Testability and Validity of WCAG 2.0: The Expertise Effect

  Giorgio Brajnik, Yeliz Yesilada, Simon Harper · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper investigates the testability and validity of WCAG 2.0 success criteria through an empirical study with 22 accessibility experts and 27 non-experts (university students with 14 hours of accessibility training). Participants evaluated all 61 WCAG 2.0 success criteria…

  WCAG 2.0 · web accessibility · conformance review · evaluator effect · accessibility audit

• A General Education Course on Universal Access, Disability, Technology and Society

  Sri H. Kurniawan, Sonia Arteaga, Roberto Manduchi · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a General Education course called "Universal Access: Disability, Technology and Society" (CMPE 80A) offered at the University of California Santa Cruz. The course was created to expose students from all majors —…

  accessibility education · universal access · disability awareness · assistive technology · curriculum design

• Investigating Meaning in Uses of Assistive Devices: Implications of Social and Professional Contexts

  Kristen Shinohara · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This short paper presents an interview study exploring how people with disabilities experience the social and professional implications of using assistive devices. Shinohara defines assistive technologies as proprietary hardware or software made for people with disabilities,…

  assistive technology · social acceptance · stigma · assistive device design · self-image

• Towards Accessible Touch Interfaces

  Tiago Guerreiro, Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge, Daniel Gonçalves · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper presents an empirical evaluation of touch screen interaction techniques with 15 tetraplegic users, aiming to provide evidence-based guidance for designing accessible mobile touch interfaces. The authors recognized that while touch screen devices eliminate the need for…

  touch screen accessibility · motor impairment · tetraplegia · mobile devices · interaction techniques

• Accessible Indoor Navigation

  Kyle Montague · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This doctoral consortium paper presents early-stage research on designing an accessible indoor navigation application for disabled users. Montague identifies a key gap: while outdoor navigation benefits from GPS, indoor wayfinding remains a significant challenge because GPS is…

  indoor navigation · wayfinding · adaptive interface · mobile accessibility · assistive technology

• Detecting Objects and Obstacles for Visually Impaired Individuals Using Visual Saliency

  Benoît Deville, Guido Bologna, Thierry Pun · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This demo paper presents the detection module of See ColOr (Seeing Colors with an Orchestra), a mobility aid for visually impaired people developed at the University of Geneva. See ColOr transforms visual information from the environment into musical instrument sounds — a…

  visual impairment · obstacle detection · mobility aid · computer vision · sensory substitution

• Leveraging Proprioception to Make Mobile Phones More Accessible to Users with Visual Impairments

  Frank Chun Yat Li, David Dearman, Khai N. Truong · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper extends Virtual Shelves — an interaction technique that leverages proprioception (the sense of body position and movement) to provide eyes-free access to mobile phone shortcuts — for users with visual impairments. The core concept is elegant: users hold their phone in…

  visual impairment · proprioception · mobile accessibility · interaction techniques · eyes-free interaction

• Joystick Text Entry with Word Prediction for People with Motor Impairments

  Young Chol Song · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This short paper presents a joystick-based text entry system enhanced with word completion and next word prediction, designed for people with motor impairments who cannot use conventional keyboards and mice. Existing joystick text entry methods — typically on-screen selection…

  motor impairment · text entry · word prediction · joystick · assistive technology

• Head-Guided Wheelchair Control System

  John B. Hinkel · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This student research paper presents a system that allows individuals without hand use to control a motorized wheelchair through simple head movements. The author identifies that existing alternative wheelchair control methods — such as sip-and-puff devices, tongue-touch…

  power wheelchair · head tracking · motor impairment · alternative input · assistive technology

• Sasayaki: An Augmented Voice-Based Web Browsing Experience

  Shaojian Zhu, Daisuke Sato, Hironobu Takagi, Chieko Asakawa · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper introduces Sasayaki (meaning "whisper" in Japanese), an intelligent voice-based agent designed to augment voice browser navigation for users with visual impairments. The authors, from IBM Research Tokyo and UMBC, identify two key problems with voice-based web…

  web accessibility · screen reader · voice browser · visual impairment · contextual support

• An Evaluation of Video Intelligibility for Novice American Sign Language Learners on a Mobile Device

  Kimberly A. Weaver, Thad Starner, Harley Hamilton · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper investigates what video resolution is necessary for novice signers to learn American Sign Language (ASL) from video on a mobile device. The motivation is deeply practical: approximately 77% of deaf children are born to hearing parents who must learn sign language to…

  American Sign Language · deaf education · mobile learning · video intelligibility · computer-assisted language learning

• LocalEyes: Accessible GPS and Points of Interest

  Jason Behmer, Stillman Knox · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This student research paper presents LocalEyes, an open-source Android application that provides accessible GPS and points-of-interest information for blind and low-vision users. The authors identify that existing accessible GPS devices like the Trekker Talking GPS cost between…

  visual impairment · GPS navigation · mobile accessibility · points of interest · wayfinding

• Does a Sonar System Make a Blind Maze Navigation Computer Game More "Fun"?

  Matt Wilkerson, Amanda Koenig, James Daniel · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This student research paper from the Blind Programming Project at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville presents "The Dark Labyrinth," a zombie-killing maze navigation game designed entirely for blind players. The broader project goal is to create programmable video games…

  game accessibility · audio game · blind users · sonification · accessible programming

• AudioWiz: Nearly Real-Time Audio Transcriptions

  Samuel White · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This student research paper presents AudioWiz, a mobile application that provides near-real-time transcriptions of both spoken words and environmental sounds for deaf and hard of hearing users. The author identifies a critical gap in existing automated transcription systems:…

  deaf and hard of hearing · audio transcription · crowdsourcing · human computation · environmental sounds

• EPG: Speech Access to Program Guides for People with Disabilities

  Michael Johnston, Amanda J. Stent · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This demo paper from AT&T Labs Research presents an Electronic Program Guide (EPG) prototype that uses speech input and text-to-speech output to make television listing navigation accessible to people with visual disabilities or limited hand mobility. The authors identify that…

  speech recognition · voice interface · television accessibility · visual impairment · motor impairment

• Relating Computer Tasks to Existing Knowledge to Improve Accessibility for Older Adults

  Nic Hollinworth, Faustina Hwang · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper investigates whether a custom file management interface designed to resemble physical paper documents, folders, and sticky labels can improve computer accessibility for older adults. The authors identify a fundamental problem: people learn new tasks by relating them…

  older adults · digital literacy · interface design · file management · skeuomorphic design

• Assistive Web Browsing with Touch Interfaces

  Faisal Ahmed, Muhammad Asiful Islam, Yevgen Borodin, I. V. Ramakrishnan · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This demo paper from Stony Brook University proposes a touch-based directional navigation technique to improve web browsing for blind users on touch devices (iPhone, MacBook trackpad). The authors identify two key problems with Apple's VoiceOver touch interface: the "fat finger"…

  web accessibility · touch interface · screen reader · VoiceOver · visual impairment

• Click on Bake to Get Cookies: Guiding Word-Finding with Semantic Associations

  Sonya Nikolova, Marilyn Tremaine, Perry R. Cook · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper presents ViVA (Visual Vocabulary for Aphasia), a vocabulary navigation system that uses semantic associations to help people with aphasia find words more effectively. The authors address a core challenge in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC): navigating…

  aphasia · semantic networks · AAC · visual vocabularies · word-finding

• Using Accessible Math Textbooks with Students Who Have Learning Disabilities

  Preston Lewis, Steve Noble, Neil Soiffer · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper reports results from Project SMART (Supported Math Accessibility Reading Tool), a classroom study conducted at the University of Kentucky with 48 eighth grade students who had learning disabilities. The project provided digital versions of Pearson's Connected…

  learning disabilities · mathematics accessibility · MathML · DAISY · print disabilities

• Field Evaluation of a Collaborative Memory Aid for Persons with Amnesia and Their Family Members

  Mike Wu, Ronald M. Baecker, Brian Richards · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper presents Family-Link, a collaborative memory aid designed through participatory design with people with amnesia (PwAs) and their families. The system was built as a shared calendar running on Palm Treo smartphones that synchronised events across all family members'…

  amnesia · memory aid · collaborative technology · caregiving · participatory design

• A Tool to Promote Prolonged Engagement in Art Therapy: Design and Development from Arts Therapist Requirements

  Jesse Hoey, Krists Zutis, Valerie Leuty, Alex Mihailidis · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper describes the design and evaluation of a customisable touch-screen tool that assists creative arts therapists working with older adults with dementia. The system uses a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) controller to autonomously monitor a client's…

  dementia · art therapy · computer vision · adaptive systems · user modeling

• Autonomous Navigation through the City for the Blind

  Jaime Sánchez, Natalia de la Torre · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper presents a study on the use of an audio-based GPS navigation application designed to help blind people navigate independently through urban environments. The software, developed for PocketPC devices with Bluetooth GPS receivers, uses a clock metaphor to communicate…

  blind navigation · GPS · orientation and mobility · mobile technology · assistive technology

• Broadening Accessibility Through Special Interests: A New Approach for Software Customization

  Robert R. Morris, Connor R. Kirschbaum, Rosalind W. Picard · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper from MIT Media Lab presents a software approach for automatically embedding the special interests of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) into computer-based interventions. People with ASD often have intense, narrow interests — ranging from specific cartoon…

  autism spectrum disorder · special interests · software customization · personalization · computer-mediated intervention

• Disability Studies as a Source of Critical Inquiry for the Field of Assistive Technology

  Jennifer Mankoff, Gillian R. Hayes, Devva Kasnitz · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This keynote-style paper argues that the assistive technology (AT) research community should draw more deeply from disability studies scholarship to improve both the problems it chooses to address and its research methods. The authors — two of whom identify as disabled — review…

  disability studies · assistive technology · social model of disability · medical model · critical theory

• Vi-Bowling: A Tactile Spatial Exergame for Individuals with Visual Impairments

  Tony Morelli, John Foley, Eelke Folmer · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper presents VI Bowling, an accessible exergame (exercise video game) for blind and visually impaired players that introduces tactile dowsing — a novel interaction technique using vibrotactile feedback from a Nintendo Wii remote to perform spatial aiming challenges…

  exergame · visual impairment · haptic technology · game accessibility · physical activity