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• Captions Versus Transcripts for Online Video Content

  Raja S. Kushalnagar, Walter S. Lasecki, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2013 · Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper investigates a fundamental challenge for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) users consuming online video: while hearing viewers can watch and listen simultaneously using separate sensory channels, DHH viewers must process two competing visual streams — the video content…

  captioning · deaf accessibility · transcripts · online education · MOOCs

• Enabling the blind in virtual worlds

  William S. Carter · 2010 · Proceedings of the 2010 International Cross Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper from IBM's Human Ability and Accessibility Center describes experimental techniques for enabling blind users to participate in virtual world environments. Unlike conventional web content where text and images can be given alternative descriptions, virtual worlds…

  virtual reality · blindness · virtual worlds · multimodal interaction · cognitive overload

• Gist Summaries for Visually Impaired Surfers

  Simon Harper, Neha Patel · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper from the University of Manchester addresses a fundamental problem in web accessibility for visually impaired users: the inability to quickly assess a web page's relevance before committing to having the entire page read aloud by a screen reader. The authors draw…

  visual impairment · web accessibility · text summarization · screen readers · cognitive overload

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