Glossary

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ABET(also: Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology)

A non-profit, non-governmental body that accredits US post-secondary programmes in applied and natural science, computing, engineering, and engineering technology. ABET’s Computing Accreditation Commission and Engineering Accreditation Commission set the programme outcomes that…

AccessForAll(also: Access For All, AfA)

AccessForAll is an accessibility framework originating from the IMS Global Learning Consortium and later standardized by ISO, based on the principle that accessibility is best achieved by matching content and environments to individual users' needs and preferences rather than…

AccessiWeb(also: AccessiWeb Reference List)

A French web accessibility methodology and reference list developed by BrailleNet, providing a practical application framework based on WCAG. AccessiWeb translates WCAG success criteria into testable criteria organized for use in conformance audits, quality assurance, and…

Accessibility Baseline(also: Baseline, Technology Baseline, WCAG Baseline)

An accessibility baseline, as used in WCAG 2.0 and later versions, is the set of technologies that a content author assumes are supported and enabled in the user agents (browsers and assistive technologies) used by their target audience. Authors must ensure that all content…

Accessibility Conformance Level(also: WCAG Conformance Level, Conformance Level)

Accessibility conformance levels are the tiered ratings defined by the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to indicate the degree to which web content meets accessibility success criteria. WCAG defines three levels: Level A (minimum, addressing the most critical…

Accessibility Maturity(also: Accessibility Maturity Model, Digital Accessibility Maturity)

A framework for assessing how well an organization has integrated accessibility into its culture, processes, and products, typically measured across dimensions such as leadership commitment, policy, training, procurement, design and development practices, testing, and user…

Accessible Documentation(also: Accessible Instructions)

Documentation - user manuals, help content, installation guides, release notes, API docs - produced in a form that can be read and acted on by people with disabilities, including blind and low-vision users, users with cognitive disabilities, and Deaf users. Accessible…

Airport Accessibility

The practices, technologies, policies, and physical design choices that enable travelers with disabilities to use airports independently and with dignity. In the United States, airport accessibility is governed partly by the FAA's Airport Disability Compliance Program (AC…

CEA-708(also: CTA-708, EIA-708, Digital Closed Captioning)

A US standard for digital closed captioning on digital television broadcasts and streaming, superseding the analog-era CEA-608 standard. CEA-708 supports richer presentation than its predecessor, including multiple fonts, colours, opacity, text positioning, and up to 63 caption…

Chartability(also: Chartability Heuristics)

A set of heuristics for assessing the accessibility of data visualizations, developed by Frank Elavsky and the Dataviz Accessibility group. Chartability provides a systematic framework for evaluating whether charts, graphs, maps, and other data visualizations are accessible to…

Checklist Accessibility(also: Checklist Conformism, Checklist Compliance)

A critique of accessibility practice in which organisations treat accessibility as a set of discrete technical checks to be ticked off (alt text present, ARIA labels declared, contrast ratios met) rather than as ongoing engagement with disabled users. Checklist accessibility can…

Digital Resource Description(also: DRD, Resource Accessibility Description)

Digital Resource Description (DRD) is a component of the AccessForAll framework (standardized in ISO 24751 and IMS AccessForAll) that provides a structured way to describe the accessibility properties and available adaptations of digital learning resources. For each resource,…

E-Commerce Accessibility(also: Accessible E-Commerce, Online Shopping Accessibility)

The degree to which online shopping experiences — product discovery, evaluation, checkout, fulfilment, customer support, and (on peer-to-peer platforms) selling — are usable by people with disabilities, particularly blind and low-vision (BLV) users who depend on screen readers,…

ISO 24751(also: ISO/IEC 24751, Individualized Adaptability and Accessibility in E-Learning)

ISO 24751 (Individualized Adaptability and Accessibility in E-Learning, Education and Training) is an international standard for matching the accessibility features of digital learning resources and environments to the needs and preferences of individual learners. Published in…

ISO 9241(also: ISO 9241-171, Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction)

An international standard from the International Organization for Standardization covering the ergonomics of human-system interaction. Part 171 (ISO 9241-171:2008) specifically addresses accessibility guidance for software, providing requirements and recommendations for making…

JIS X 8341-3(also: JIS X 8341, Japanese Industrial Standard for Web Accessibility)

JIS X 8341-3 is the Japanese Industrial Standard for web content accessibility, first published in 2004 by the Japanese Standards Association. The standard was developed with attention to harmonization with WCAG 1.0 and subsequently updated to align with WCAG 2.0. JIS X 8341-3…

KWCAG(also: Korean Web Content Accessibility Guidelines)

The Korean national standard for web content accessibility, first published as KWCAG 1.0 in 2004 by the Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA). Modelled after WCAG, KWCAG adapts international accessibility guidelines to Korean web culture and technical circumstances.…

Link Purpose(also: Link Purpose (In Context), WCAG 2.4.4, Link Text)

A WCAG 2.4.4 Level A success criterion requiring that the purpose of each link be determinable from the link text alone, or from the link text together with its programmatically determined context (surrounding sentence, list item, table cell, containing paragraph). Links worded…

Motor Accessibility(also: Physical Accessibility, Motor Impairment Accessibility)

Motor accessibility refers to the design of digital systems and interfaces to be operable by people with physical disabilities affecting movement, strength, coordination, or fine motor control. Relevant conditions include cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury,…

PDF Tagging(also: Tagged PDF, PDF Tags)

The process of adding a logical structure tree to a PDF so that assistive technologies can interpret the document's content, reading order, and semantics independently of its visual layout. Tags label each piece of content with its role — heading, paragraph, list item, figure,…

Personal Needs and Preferences(also: PNP, Learner Preferences Profile, Access Needs Profile)

Personal Needs and Preferences (PNP) is a component of the AccessForAll framework (standardized in ISO 24751 and IMS AccessForAll) that provides a structured way to describe an individual learner's accessibility requirements and interaction preferences. A PNP profile specifies…

Standards Harmonization(also: Standards Harmonisation, Accessibility Standards Alignment)

The effort to align web accessibility standards and guidelines across different jurisdictions, organizations, and markets to create a unified set of requirements that developers and content creators can follow. Without harmonization, fragmented accessibility standards — where…

Sufficient Techniques(also: Sufficient Advisory Techniques)

In the WCAG framework, sufficient techniques are documented methods for meeting a specific success criterion. If a content author correctly implements a sufficient technique, it is enough to satisfy the associated requirement. Multiple sufficient techniques may exist for a…

Web Accessibility(also: Website Accessibility, Digital Web Accessibility)

The inclusive practice of ensuring that all people, particularly disabled and older people, can use websites in a range of contexts of use, including with mainstream and assistive technologies. Achieving web accessibility requires that websites be designed and developed to…

eIDAS(also: electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services, eIDAS 2.0)

A European Union regulation governing electronic identification and trust services across the single market. The revised eIDAS 2.0 regulation, adopted in 2024, requires each member state to provide a European Digital Identity (EUDI) Wallet to all citizens and residents by the…

25 results.