Glossary

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ISO 9241(also: ISO 9241-171, Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction)

An international standard from the International Organization for Standardization covering the ergonomics of human-system interaction. Part 171 (ISO 9241-171:2008) specifically addresses accessibility guidance for software, providing requirements and recommendations for making…

JIS X 8341-3(also: JIS X 8341, Japanese Industrial Standard for Web Accessibility)

JIS X 8341-3 is the Japanese Industrial Standard for web content accessibility, first published in 2004 by the Japanese Standards Association. The standard was developed with attention to harmonization with WCAG 1.0 and subsequently updated to align with WCAG 2.0. JIS X 8341-3…

Marrakesh Treaty(also: Marrakesh VIP Treaty, WIPO Marrakesh Treaty)

An international treaty adopted by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in 2013 that requires signatory countries to create copyright exceptions allowing the production and distribution of published works in accessible formats for people with print disabilities.…

Standards Harmonization(also: Standards Harmonisation, Accessibility Standards Alignment)

The effort to align web accessibility standards and guidelines across different jurisdictions, organizations, and markets to create a unified set of requirements that developers and content creators can follow. Without harmonization, fragmented accessibility standards — where…

Sustainable Development Goals(also: SDGs, Global Goals)

A collection of 17 interlinked global goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity by 2030. Several SDGs are directly relevant to disability inclusion: SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth, promoting…

UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities(also: UN CRPD, CRPD, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities)

An international human rights treaty adopted by the United Nations in 2006 and entered into force in 2008, establishing the rights of people with disabilities to full participation in society. The CRPD is particularly significant for digital accessibility through Article 9…

UNCRPD(also: United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, CRPD)

An international human rights treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2006 that articulates the rights of people with disabilities across all areas of life, including employment, education, health, and participation in society. The UNCRPD represents a paradigm…

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