Glossary

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PANAS(also: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, PANAS Scale)

PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) is a validated psychological instrument for measuring emotional states, consisting of two 10-item scales measuring positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). Positive affect terms include enthusiastic, interested, determined,…

Passive notification(also: Automatic notification, Push notification)

Information delivered to a user automatically without requiring active input, triggered by context such as location, time, or system state. In assistive navigation for people with visual impairments, passive notifications are preferred because users' hands and attention are…

Perceived Accessibility(also: Subjective Accessibility, Accessibility-in-Use)

Perceived accessibility refers to the subjective quality by which users experience the accessibility of a website or application, as opposed to its objective compliance with accessibility standards. Research has shown that guideline-conformant websites can still be perceived as…

Personalized accessibility(also: Customizable accessibility, Adaptive accessibility)

An approach to accessibility that allows users to configure assistive features according to their individual needs, preferences, and abilities rather than providing a single fixed accommodation. Personalized accessibility recognizes that disabilities — particularly conditions…

Physical Agency(also: Bodily Agency, Sense of Agency)

The feeling of control and ownership over physical actions and their effects in the world. In assistive technology contexts, physical agency refers to a users sense of directly controlling objects and receiving sensory confirmation of their actions. Traditional AT designs often…

Positive Design(also: Design for Subjective Well-Being)

A design framework, articulated by Desmet and Pohlmeyer, that explicitly targets human flourishing by attending to three components of subjective well-being: pleasure (positive affect in the moment), personal significance (pursuit of meaningful goals), and virtue (acting in line…

Preference Customization(also: User Preference Configuration, Personalization Settings)

The ability for users, particularly those using assistive technologies, to configure how they receive and interact with digital content based on their individual needs, preferences, and context. In accessibility, preference customization goes beyond basic assistive technology…

Privacy by Default(also: Privacy by Design, Default Privacy Settings)

Privacy by default is a design principle requiring that systems automatically protect user privacy without requiring users to take action. In accessibility contexts, this principle is particularly important for older adults and people with cognitive disabilities who may not…

Proxemic Interaction(also: Proximity-Based Interaction, Proxemics)

An interaction design approach that uses the spatial relationship between users, devices, and objects in the environment — including distance, orientation, and movement — to trigger contextual actions and content delivery. Derived from Edward T. Hall's theory of proxemics (the…

Psychological Accessibility

A dimension of accessibility concerned with whether users find a product or service useful, appropriate, and satisfying, beyond being merely technically operable. Psychological accessibility addresses factors such as user confidence, willingness to engage with technology, and…

Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale(also: PIADS)

A 26-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the psychosocial impact of an assistive technology device on a person's functional independence, well-being, and quality of life. PIADS assesses three subscales: competence (subjective feelings of competence, productivity,…

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