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• "Slipping through the cracks": A Duoethnography of Web Accessibility

  Shira Abramovich, Elizabeth Patitsas · 2024 · ASSETS '24: Proceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This position paper uses duoethnography — a collaborative qualitative method where two researchers examine a shared topic through their contrasting personal experiences — to explore the practical labour of doing web accessibility work. The authors, Shira Abramovich (a…

  web accessibility · professional practice · accessibility management · organizational accessibility · qualitative research

• Maintaining the Accessibility Ecosystem: a Multi-Stakeholder Analysis of Accessibility in Higher Education

  Kelly Avery Mack, Natasha A. Sidik, Aashaka Desai, Emma J. McDonnell, Kunal Mehta, Christina Zhang, Jennifer Mankoff · 2023 · Proceedings of the 25th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '23)

  This short paper examines how accessibility is created and maintained in higher education through the interactions of three key stakeholder groups: disabled students, professors, and disability service (DS) offices. The author team—comprising disabled students and faculty…

  higher education · accommodations · disability services · accessibility barriers · organizational accessibility

• It could be better. It could be much worse: Understanding Accessibility in User Experience Practice with Implications for Industry and Education

  Cynthia Putnam, Emma J. Rose, Craig M. MacDonald · 2023 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This qualitative study examines how accessibility is understood and practiced within the UX profession through 58 interview sessions with 65 senior UX professionals conducted between 2017 and 2020. Using transitivity analysis from critical discourse analysis, the researchers…

  UX practice · design systems · accessibility education · industry practices · qualitative research

• The Use of ADKAR to Instil Change in the Accessibility of University Websites

  Silvia Rodríguez Vázquez · 2022 · Proceedings of the 19th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper applies the ADKAR change management model — Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, and Reinforcement — to understand what interventions are needed to improve web accessibility at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland. The author argues that…

  organizational accessibility · change management · higher education · web accessibility · accessibility policy

• Teaching accessibility as a shared endeavour: building capacity across academic and workplace contexts

  Andy Coverdale, Sarah Lewthwaite, Sarah Horton · 2022 · Proceedings of the 19th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper reports on qualitative research with 30 expert accessibility educators from academia and the workplace, drawn from a larger study called "Teaching Accessibility in the Digital Skill Set" (2019-2024). Using expert panel method — a participatory approach that…

  accessibility education · pedagogy · higher education · workplace training · capacity building

• Exploring Information Systems for the Workplace Accommodation Process

  Shiya Cao · 2021 · Proceedings of the 18th International Web for All Conference (W4A '21)

  This extended abstract presents doctoral research exploring how information systems (IS) can facilitate the workplace accommodation process for employees with disabilities. The research is motivated by the persistent employment gap for people with disabilities — only 19.3% are…

  workplace accessibility · accommodations · information systems · disability employment · organizational accessibility

• Online Learning Accessibility during the COVID-19 Pandemic

  Shanna Russ, Foad Hamidi · 2021 · Proceedings of the 18th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This literature review examines 14 papers published over the past decade on e-learning accessibility, reframing their findings through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on K-12 education. During the pandemic, elementary, middle, and high schools made an emergency…

  education accessibility · online learning · universal design for learning · WCAG · digital accessibility

• Accessibility Information Needs in the Enterprise

  Sharon Snider, Willie L. Scott II, Shari Trewin · 2020 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)

  This paper from IBM presents the first empirical analysis of accessibility information needs within a large multinational enterprise, analyzing 439 unique accessibility questions and 362 unique keywords gathered over two years from FAQs, support channels, a chatbot, a glossary,…

  enterprise accessibility · ontology · knowledge management · accessibility conformance · chatbot

• Access Differential and Inequitable Access: Inaccessibility for Doctoral Students in Computing

  Kristen Shinohara, Michael McQuaid, Nayeri Jacobo · 2020 · Proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2020)

  This paper investigates why the pipeline of students with disabilities pursuing doctoral degrees in computing remains so thin, despite increased support at the undergraduate level. In 2018, the NSF reported that only about 3% of math and computer science PhD recipients…

  education accessibility · disability rights · deaf and hard of hearing · blindness and low vision · digital accessibility

• The Compliance Mindset: Exploring Accessibility Adoption in Client-Based Settings

  Emma L. Holliday · 2020 · Proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2020)

  This short paper investigates how web accessibility is adopted in client-based settings such as consultancies and freelance work, where practitioners must navigate the tension between their own accessibility knowledge and client priorities. The study was motivated by the…

  web accessibility · organizational accessibility · compliance · WCAG · automated testing

• On Accessibility Policies for Higher Education Institutions

  Giorgio Brajnik, Sanela Graca · 2018 · Proceedings of the 15th International Web for All Conference (W4A 2018)

  This short paper analyses the web accessibility policies of twenty universities across Europe, the USA, Canada, and Australia to identify what constitutes an effective accessibility policy and provide guidance for institutions creating or revising their own. The authors argue…

  web accessibility · higher education · accessibility policy · WCAG · organizational accessibility

• Accessibility to Work from Home for the Disabled: The Need for a Shift in Management Style

  Rosemary Spark · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper argues that working from home (telecommuting) offers significant benefits for people with disabilities but requires a fundamental shift in management practices to succeed. The author synthesizes research and policy evidence from Australia, the UK, US, and…

  telecommuting · remote work · disability employment · workplace accessibility · disability inclusion

• Working Together: Technology as the Foundation for Better Employment Outcomes for People with Disability

  Alastair McEwin · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  Written by Australia's Disability Discrimination Commissioner at the Australian Human Rights Commission, this keynote paper draws on the findings of the 2016 "Willing to Work" national inquiry into employment discrimination against older Australians and Australians with…

  disability employment · disability rights · workplace accessibility · digital inclusion · disability discrimination

• Creating Accessible Local Government: The Process

  Vivienne Conway, Keith Fitzpatrick · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This short paper documents the end-to-end process the City of Cockburn, a local government authority in Western Australia, followed to develop an accessible replacement website. The paper provides a practical 9-step roadmap: (1) embed accessibility in official planning…

  government accessibility · WCAG compliance · procurement · organizational accessibility · case study

• Microsoft's Journey Towards Inclusion

  David Masters · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This industry paper by Microsoft's Corporate Affairs Director for Australia outlines Microsoft's four-pillar accessibility strategy and its practical implementation across recruitment, onboarding, workplace culture, and innovation. The four pillars are: (1) providing accessible…

  disability employment · organizational accessibility · inclusive hiring · disability inclusion · corporate accessibility

• Considerations for Implementing a Holistic Organisational Approach to Accessibility

  Chris Bailey, Voula Gkatzidou · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper proposes a human-centred model of accessibility that moves beyond treating accessibility as a purely technical standards-compliance exercise. The authors argue that accessibility, usability, and user experience are interdependent quality attributes that must all be at…

  organizational accessibility · accessibility maturity · accessibility policy · user experience · human-centred design

• Understanding Accessibility as a Process through the Analysis of Feedback from Disabled Students

  Tim Coughlan, Thomas Daniel Ullmann, Kate Lister · 2017 · Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from The Open University UK analyzes over 6,000 open comment feedback responses from disabled students (out of 93,148 total responses) to argue that accessibility must be understood as an ongoing process rather than a state achieved through technical guideline…

  education accessibility · disability · organizational accessibility · distance learning · accessibility theory

• Masterplanning the digital campus to support learners with disabilities

  David Sloan, Sarah Horton, Billy Gregory · 2016 · Proceedings of the 13th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This position paper from accessibility consultants at The Paciello Group argues that educational organizations delivering online learning need a strategic, holistic approach to digital accessibility rather than the reactive, remediation-based practices that are common in the…

  e-learning accessibility · organizational accessibility · accessibility policy · higher education · inclusive teaching

• Complementing standards by demonstrating commitment and progress

  Sarah Horton, David Sloan, Henny Swan · 2015 · Proceedings of the 12th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  Written by consultants at The Paciello Group, this position paper argues that treating digital accessibility solely as a standards compliance activity is insufficient for organizations with large, complex digital estates. The authors draw a parallel between physical…

  accessibility standards · organizational accessibility · WCAG compliance · accessibility policy · barrier removal

• 'The new accessibility panic': Remaining challenges to the achievement of Australia's National Transition Strategy

  Denise Wood, Scott Hollier · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper examines the Australian Government's progress toward its 2010 National Transition Strategy (NTS), which mandated that all federal, state, and territory websites achieve WCAG 2.0 Level AA conformance by the end of 2014. Drawing on content analysis of government blog…

  web accessibility · government accessibility · accessibility policy · WCAG compliance · accessibility training

• Global Considerations in Creating an Organizational Web Accessibility Policy

  David Sloan, Sarah Horton · 2014 · Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper from The Paciello Group examines the legislative and policy landscape for web accessibility across five countries — Australia, Brazil, China, India, and South Africa — to help multinational organisations develop global accessibility policies. The authors review…

  accessibility policy · accessibility law · global accessibility · WCAG compliance · organizational accessibility

• How Companies Engage Customers around Accessibility on Social Media

  Erin Brady, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper examines how major technology companies use Twitter to communicate with people with disabilities about accessibility, and how users attempt to engage with these companies in return. The researchers studied six corporate accessibility Twitter accounts — Google…

  social media · corporate accessibility · disability advocacy · organizational accessibility · user engagement

• MIPAW: Modele of a Progressive Implementation of Web Accessibility

  Jean-Pierre Villain, Olivier Nourry · 2012 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents MIPAW (Modele of a Progressive Implementation of Web Accessibility), a framework for reorganizing WCAG criteria into a user-centric, phased implementation model. The authors, who lead the AccessiWeb reference list — the most widely implemented WCAG-based…

  WCAG implementation · progressive enhancement · accessibility strategy · quality assurance · accessibility evaluation

• How Do Professionals Who Create Computing Technologies Consider Accessibility?

  Cynthia Putnam, Kathryn Wozniak, Mary Jo Zefeldt, Jinghui Cheng, Morgan Caputo, Carl Duffield · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper presents survey findings about how UX and HCI professionals consider accessibility in their work, based on responses from 199 participants representing a wide range of job titles and nationalities (recruited via IxDA, SIGCHI, and UPA channels). The survey combined a…

  inclusive design · accessibility education · UX professionals · HCI · organizational accessibility

• An Integrative Accessibility Engineering Approach Using Multidimensional Classifications of Barriers in the Web

  Diana Ruth-Janneck · 2011 · Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents multidimensional classifications of web accessibility barriers derived from the large-scale German study "Web2.0/Accessible," commissioned by Aktion Mensch, which surveyed 671 disabled internet users via an accessible online questionnaire (with audio files…

  accessibility barriers · accessibility evaluation · user research · web accessibility · software engineering