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• AccessBraille: Tablet-based Braille Entry

  Stephanie Ludi, Michael Timbrook, Piper Chester · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents AccessBraille, an iOS framework that provides a virtual Braille keyboard for iPad applications. The system is designed as a reusable framework that any iOS developer can integrate into their apps, rather than being a standalone application. The…

  braille · tablet · iOS accessibility · text entry · blindness

• Text Entry Using a Compact Keypad with OSDS

  Torsten Felzer, Stephan Rinderknecht · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This demo paper presents OSDS (OnScreenDualScribe), a Windows software tool that enables people with neuromuscular diseases to replace a standard full-size keyboard with a compact 19-key numeric keypad called the DualPad. For people with conditions that cause motor impairment,…

  text entry · alternative input · keyboard replacement · neuromuscular disease · motor disability

• KeyGlasses: Semi-transparent Keys on Soft Keyboard

  Mathieu Raynal · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents KeyGlass, a text entry system designed to reduce pointer travel distance on soft (on-screen) keyboards by dynamically adding predicted character keys near the most recently typed character. Standard soft keyboards use QWERTY or AZERTY layouts familiar from…

  text entry · soft keyboard · character prediction · motor accessibility · input methods

• Explorations on Breathing Based Text Input for Mobile Devices

  Jackson F. Filho, Thiago Valle, Wilson Prata · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents progress on PuffText, a breathing-based text input system for mobile phones designed for people with motor disabilities who cannot handle a mobile device manually. The system uses the phone's built-in microphone to detect "puffs" of breath, which serve as the…

  text entry · alternative input · motor disability · sip-and-puff · mobile accessibility

• Phoneme-based Predictive Text Entry Interface

  Ha Trinh, Annalu Waller, Keith Vertanen, Per Ola Kristensson, Vicki L. Hanson · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents iSCAN-2, an iPad application that enables nonspeaking individuals to enter text by selecting phonemes (speech sounds) rather than spelling words with letters. People with severe speech impairments often face challenges in literacy acquisition, making…

  AAC · text entry · phoneme · speech impairment · word prediction

• Designing a Text Entry Multimodal Keypad for Blind Users of Touchscreen Mobile Phones

  Maria Claudia Buzzi, Marina Buzzi, Barbara Leporini, Amaury Trujillo · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper presents MTITK (Multimodal Text Input Touchscreen Keypad), a software-only text entry system for blind users of touchscreen phones that combines the familiar 12-key telephone keypad layout with multimodal audio-tactile feedback. The work is grounded in the personal…

  mobile accessibility · text entry · blindness · multimodal interaction · haptic feedback

• Text Entry Using Single-Channel Analog Puff Input

  Adam J. Sporka · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS 2014)

  This short demonstration paper presents a prototype text entry system that repurposes a single-channel analog puff input device — specifically the AKAI EWI USB, a MIDI controller designed for woodwind instrument emulation — as an assistive technology for people with motor…

  sip-and-puff · text entry · assistive technology · motor disabilities · alternative input

• DigitCHAT: Enabling AAC Input at Conversational Speed

  Karl Wiegand, Rupal Patel · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS 2014)

  This paper presents DigitCHAT, a prototype augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system designed for literate users with mild upper limb motor impairments who need fast, expressive face-to-face communication on mobile phones. The authors identify a gap in existing AAC…

  augmentative and alternative communication · AAC · text entry · mobile accessibility · motor impairments

• Speech Dasher: A Demonstration of Text Input using Speech and Approximate Pointing

  Keith Vertanen, David J.C. MacKay · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS 2014)

  This paper demonstrates Speech Dasher, a multimodal text entry system that combines speech recognition with the Dasher zooming interface to enable fast, corrected text input using only voice and gaze direction. The core problem addressed is that while speech dictation is fast,…

  speech recognition · eye tracking · gaze input · text entry · error correction

• Move&Flick: Design and Evaluation of a Single-Finger and Eyes-Free Kana-Character Entry Method on Touch Screens

  Ryosuke Aoki, Ryo Hashimoto, Akihiro Miyata, Shunichi Seko, Masahiro Watanabe, Masayuki Ihara · 2014 · Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS '14)

  This demonstration paper presents Move&Flick, a Japanese Kana-character text entry method designed for visually impaired users on touchscreen devices. Standard touchscreen text entry for visually impaired people is burdensome: users must explore the screen to find software keys…

  text entry · touchscreen accessibility · visual impairment · mobile accessibility · gesture interaction

• Improved Inference and Autotyping in EEG-based BCI Typing Systems

  Andrew Fowler, Brian Roark, Umut Orhan, Deniz Erdogmus, Melanie Fried-Oken · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '13)

  This paper presents improvements to the RSVP Keyboard, a brain-computer interface (BCI) typing system designed for people with severe motor disabilities, particularly those with locked-in syndrome (LIS) resulting from ALS or brain stem stroke who cannot use any volitional…

  brain-computer interface · BCI · EEG · text entry · locked-in syndrome

• Optimization of Switch Keyboards

  Xiao (Cosmo) Zhang, Kan Fang, Gregory Francis · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '13)

  This short paper presents a method for optimizing the character layout of switch keyboards used by people with severe motor control difficulties, including those with locked-in syndrome resulting from spinal cord or brain injury. Switch keyboards work by scanning a cursor across…

  switch access · text entry · motor disability · locked-in syndrome · keyboard optimization

• UbiBraille: Designing and Evaluating a Vibrotactile Braille-Reading Device

  Hugo Nicolau, João Guerreiro, Tiago Guerreiro, Luís Carriço · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '13)

  This paper presents UbiBraille, a wearable vibrotactile device that enables blind users to read textual information privately and inconspicuously by leveraging their existing knowledge of Braille. The device consists of six small vibration motors attached to adjustable aluminum…

  braille · vibrotactile · wearable technology · blind users · haptic feedback

• Exploring the Use of Speech Input by Blind People on Mobile Devices

  Shiri Azenkot, Nicole B. Lee · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper investigates how blind people use speech input on mobile devices through two studies: a survey of 169 participants (64 blind/low-vision, 105 sighted) and a laboratory study with 8 blind participants composing paragraphs on an iPod Touch using speech dictation versus…

  visual impairment · blindness · speech input · speech recognition · mobile accessibility

• The Feasibility of Eyes-Free Touchscreen Keyboard Typing

  Keith Vertanen, Haythem Memmi, Per Ola Kristensson · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This poster paper proposes a novel approach to eyes-free touchscreen typing where users imagine a QWERTY keyboard somewhere on the device and tap out an entire sentence without seeing the keyboard and without receiving any intermediate feedback about letters or words typed. This…

  visual impairment · text entry · eyes-free interaction · touchscreen · keyboard

• How Someone with a Neuromuscular Disease Experiences Operating a PC (and How to Successfully Counteract That)

  Torsten Felzer, Stephan Rinderknecht · 2013 · Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This experience report describes the first author's personal journey as a computer scientist with Friedreich's Ataxia (FA), a progressive neuromuscular disease diagnosed at age 15 that causes ataxia of limbs, dysarthria, and muscle weakness. Despite needing a wheelchair since…

  motor impairment · neuromuscular disease · Friedreich's Ataxia · text entry · assistive technology

• Elderly Text-Entry Performance on Touchscreens

  Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12)

  This paper presents an empirical study of how elderly users perform text-entry tasks on touchscreen devices, examining both mobile phones and tablets. Fifteen participants aged 67 to 89 (mean 79) were asked to copy sentences on an HTC Desire smartphone and an ASUS Transformer…

  touchscreen accessibility · text entry · aging · motor accessibility · tremor

• TypeInBraille: A Braille-Based Typing Application for Touchscreen Devices

  Sergio Mascetti, Cristian Bernareggi, Matteo Belotti · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This demonstration paper presents TypeInBraille, a novel text entry application for touchscreen smartphones that allows blind users to type using Braille code rather than the standard on-screen QWERTY keyboard. While screen readers like VoiceOver have made smartphones broadly…

  blindness and low vision · braille · text entry · touchscreen accessibility · mobile accessibility

• Blind People and Mobile Touch-based Text-Entry: Acknowledging the Need for Different Flavors

  João Oliveira, Tiago Guerreiro, Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge, Daniel Gonçalves · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper investigates how individual differences among blind people affect their performance with different touchscreen text-entry methods. Thirteen blind participants (ages 24-62) were evaluated using four methods on a Samsung Galaxy S: QWERTY (standard VoiceOver-style…

  blindness and low vision · text entry · touchscreen accessibility · mobile accessibility · ability-based design

• Humsher: A Predictive Keyboard Operated by Humming

  Ondrej Polacek, Zdenek Mikovec, Adam J. Sporka, Pavel Slavik · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This paper presents Humsher, a novel text entry system controlled entirely by humming — short melodic and rhythmic vocal gestures distinguished by pitch (high/low) and duration (short/long). The system targets people with severe upper-limb motor impairments such as quadriplegia…

  text entry · alternative input · assistive technology · motor disability · non-verbal vocal interface

• Joystick Text Entry with Word Prediction for People with Motor Impairments

  Young Chol Song · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This short paper presents a joystick-based text entry system enhanced with word completion and next word prediction, designed for people with motor impairments who cannot use conventional keyboards and mice. Existing joystick text entry methods — typically on-screen selection…

  motor impairment · text entry · word prediction · joystick · assistive technology

• NavTap: A Long Term Study with Excluded Blind Users

  Tiago Guerreiro, Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge, Daniel Gonçalves · 2009 · Proceedings of the 11th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '09)

  This paper presents a long-term evaluation of NavTap, a navigational text-entry method designed specifically for blind users who cannot effectively use standard mobile phone text input. Unlike traditional MultiTap — where users press a key multiple times to cycle through letters…

  mobile accessibility · blind users · text entry · assistive technology · longitudinal study

• The One-Key Challenge: Searching for a Fast One-Key Text Entry Method

  I. Scott MacKenzie · 2009 · Proceedings of the 11th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '09)

  This paper presents SAK (Scanning Ambiguous Keyboard), a novel one-key text entry method designed for people who can only operate a single switch input. The design combines two established techniques — scanning keyboards (where items are highlighted sequentially and selected…

  text entry · switch access · scanning keyboard · ambiguous keyboard · motor disability

• Adapting Word Prediction to Subject Matter without Topic-Labeled Data

  Keith Trnka · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This paper proposes a method for adapting word prediction systems to the current topic of discourse without requiring human-labeled topic categories in the training data. Word prediction is a key feature of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices, where it…

  word prediction · AAC · language model · topic modeling · natural language processing

• Text Entry for Mobile Devices and Users with Severe Motor Impairments: HandiGlyph, a Primitive Shapes Based Onscreen Keyboard

  Mohammed Belatar, Franck Poirier · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This paper presents HandiGlyph, a text input method for mobile devices designed for users with severe motor disabilities such as Cerebral Palsy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Locked-In Syndrome, and quadriplegia. The system is built on the UniGlyph principle: each letter of the…

  text entry · motor disability · on-screen keyboard · AAC · scanning input