Glossary

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Mathematics Learning Disability(also: Math Disability, Mathematical Disability, Mathematics Disorder)

A specific learning disability that affects a person's ability to understand, learn, or perform mathematical operations. Mathematics learning disabilities can manifest as difficulty with number sense, memorisation of arithmetic facts, calculation fluency, mathematical reasoning,…

Meares-Irlen Syndrome(also: Irlen Syndrome, Visual Stress Syndrome, Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome)

Meares-Irlen Syndrome is a perceptual processing disorder that affects how the brain processes visual information, causing symptoms of visual stress including pattern glare, perceptual distortions, eye strain, headaches, and discomfort when reading. Unlike dyslexia, it is not a…

Memory Impairment(also: Memory Loss, Memory Deficit)

A reduction in the ability to encode, store, or retrieve information, ranging from mild forgetfulness associated with normal ageing to severe deficits caused by conditions such as dementia or traumatic brain injury. Memory impairment affects digital accessibility in multiple…

Micrographia(also: Small Handwriting)

A condition characterized by abnormally small, cramped handwriting that often becomes progressively smaller within a line or paragraph. Micrographia is a common early sign of Parkinson's Disease, resulting from the same motor control difficulties that cause bradykinesia. The…

Motor Disability(also: Motor Impairment, Physical Disability, Movement Disorder)

A condition that affects a person's ability to control voluntary muscle movements, impacting mobility, dexterity, coordination, or speech production. Motor disabilities can result from neurological conditions (cerebral palsy, ALS, multiple sclerosis), spinal cord injuries,…

Motor Fluctuation(also: On-Off Phenomenon, Wearing Off, On-Off Periods)

Variations in motor function experienced by people with Parkinson's Disease, typically related to medication timing. During 'on' periods when medication is working optimally, motor symptoms are controlled; during 'off' periods as medication wears off, symptoms like tremor,…

Myopathy(also: Muscle Disease)

A group of disorders affecting skeletal muscle function, characterized by muscle weakness, cramping, stiffness, or wasting. Myopathies can be inherited (muscular dystrophies) or acquired (inflammatory myopathies, metabolic myopathies). For digital accessibility, people with…

Myopia(also: Nearsightedness, Short-Sightedness)

A common refractive error in which the eye focuses light in front of the retina rather than on it, causing distant objects to appear blurred while near objects remain clear. Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, and affects an estimated 30% of…

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